Option No. 60130

When completing tasks with a short answer, enter in the answer field the number that corresponds to the number of the correct answer, or a number, a word, a sequence of letters (words) or numbers. The answer should be written without spaces or any additional characters. The answer to tasks 1-7 is a word, or phrase, or sequence of numbers. Write your answers without spaces, commas, or other additional characters. For tasks 8-9, give a coherent answer in 5-10 sentences. When completing task 9, select two works of different authors for comparison (in one of the examples, it is acceptable to refer to the work of the author who owns the source text); indicate the titles of the works and the names of the authors; justify your choice and compare the works with the proposed text in a given direction of analysis.

Performing tasks 10-14 is a word, or phrase, or sequence of numbers. When completing task 15-16, rely on the author’s position and, if necessary, express your point of view. Justify your answer based on the text of the work. When completing task 16, select two works of different authors for comparison (in one of the examples, it is permissible to refer to the work of the author who owns the source text); indicate the titles of the works and the names of the authors; justify your choice and compare the works with the proposed text in a given direction of analysis.

For task 17, give a detailed, reasoned answer in the genre of an essay of at least 200 words (an essay of less than 150 words is scored zero points). Analyze literary work, relying on the author’s position, drawing on the necessary theoretical and literary concepts. When giving an answer, follow the norms of speech.

If the option is specified by the teacher, you can enter or upload answers to tasks with a detailed answer into the system. The teacher will see the results of completing tasks with a short answer and will be able to evaluate the downloaded answers to tasks with a long answer. The scores assigned by the teacher will appear in your statistics.

Indicate the name of the dominant literary movement in the 18th century, the principles of which were reflected in the dramaturgy of D. I. Fonvizin.

Pravdin (To Mitrofan). How far are you in history?

Ms. Prostakova (to son)

Mitrofan (quietly to mother). How do I know?

Mitrofan (quietly to mother)

Ms. Prostakova (Pravdin)

Pravdin.

Ms. Prostakova (To Mitrofan) Geography.

Ms. Prostakova (Pravdin)

. Do you hear, eorgafiya.

Ms. Prostakova Pravdin.

Description of the land.

(To Starodum) Pravdin.

What is it?

Starodum

(to Milo)

D. I. Fonvizin “Minor”

Pravdin (To Mitrofan). How far are you in history?

Answer:

Name the genre to which Fonvizinsky’s “Minor” belongs.

Read the text fragment below and complete the tasks.

Mitrofan.

How far is it? What's the story? In another you will fly to distant lands, to a kingdom of thirty.

Pravdin.

Ms. Prostakova (to son) A! Is this the story that Vralman teaches you?

Mitrofan (quietly to mother). How do I know?

Starodum.

Mitrofan (quietly to mother) Vralman? The name is somewhat familiar.

Ms. Prostakova (Pravdin) Mitrofan.

Pravdin.

Ms. Prostakova (To Mitrofan) Geography.

No, our Adam Adamych doesn’t tell stories; He, like me, is a keen listener himself.

Ms. Prostakova (Pravdin) Mrs. Prostakova.

. Do you hear, eorgafiya.

Ms. Prostakova Pravdin. They both force themselves to tell stories to the cowgirl Khavronya.

Pravdin.

Didn’t you both study geography from her?

. Do you hear, my dear friend? What kind of science is this?

Mrs. Prostakova (quietly to Mitrofan). Don't be stubborn, darling. Now is the time to show yourself.

. Yes, I have no idea what they are asking about.

Skotinin.

Description of the land.

But if we are to prove that the teaching is nonsense, then let’s take Uncle Vavila Faleleich. No one had ever heard of literacy from him, nor did he want to hear from anyone: and what a head he was!

Skotinin.

(To Starodum) Pravdin. Yes, this is what happened to him. Riding on a greyhound pacer, he ran drunkenly into the stone gate. The man was tall, the gate was low, he forgot to bend down. As soon as he hit his forehead against the lintel, the Indo bent his uncle to the back of his head, and the vigorous horse carried him out of the gate to the porch on his back. I would like to know if there is a learned forehead in the world that would not fall apart from such a blow; and my uncle, to his eternal memory, having sobered up, only asked if the gate was intact?

What is it?

Starodum

Milo.

D. I. Fonvizin “Minor”

Pravdin (To Mitrofan). How far are you in history?

Answer:

Name the genre to which Fonvizinsky’s “Minor” belongs.

Read the text fragment below and complete the tasks.

Mitrofan.

How far is it? What's the story? In another you will fly to distant lands, to a kingdom of thirty.

Pravdin.

Ms. Prostakova (to son) A! Is this the story that Vralman teaches you?

Mitrofan (quietly to mother). How do I know?

Starodum.

Mitrofan (quietly to mother) Vralman? The name is somewhat familiar.

Ms. Prostakova (Pravdin) Mitrofan.

Pravdin.

Ms. Prostakova (To Mitrofan) Geography.

No, our Adam Adamych doesn’t tell stories; He, like me, is a keen listener himself.

Ms. Prostakova (Pravdin) Mrs. Prostakova.

. Do you hear, eorgafiya.

Ms. Prostakova Pravdin. They both force themselves to tell stories to the cowgirl Khavronya.

Pravdin.

Didn’t you both study geography from her?

. Do you hear, my dear friend? What kind of science is this?

Mrs. Prostakova (quietly to Mitrofan). Don't be stubborn, darling. Now is the time to show yourself.

. Yes, I have no idea what they are asking about.

Skotinin.

Description of the land.

But if we are to prove that the teaching is nonsense, then let’s take Uncle Vavila Faleleich. No one had ever heard of literacy from him, nor did he want to hear from anyone: and what a head he was!

Skotinin.

(To Starodum) Pravdin. Yes, this is what happened to him. Riding on a greyhound pacer, he ran drunkenly into the stone gate. The man was tall, the gate was low, he forgot to bend down. As soon as he hit his forehead against the lintel, the Indo bent his uncle to the back of his head, and the vigorous horse carried him out of the gate to the porch on his back. I would like to know if there is a learned forehead in the world that would not fall apart from such a blow; and my uncle, to his eternal memory, having sobered up, only asked if the gate was intact?

What is it?

Starodum

You, Mr. Skotinin, admit yourself to be an unlearned person; however, I think, in this case, your forehead would be no stronger than a scientist. . Don't bet on it. I think that the Skotinins are all tough-minded by birth.))?

D. I. Fonvizin “Minor”

Pravdin (To Mitrofan). How far are you in history?

Answer:

Name the genre to which Fonvizinsky’s “Minor” belongs.

Read the text fragment below and complete the tasks.

Mitrofan.

How far is it? What's the story? In another you will fly to distant lands, to a kingdom of thirty.

Pravdin.

Ms. Prostakova (to son) A! Is this the story that Vralman teaches you?

Mitrofan (quietly to mother). How do I know?

Starodum.

Mitrofan (quietly to mother) Vralman? The name is somewhat familiar.

Ms. Prostakova (Pravdin) Mitrofan.

Pravdin.

Ms. Prostakova (To Mitrofan) Geography.

No, our Adam Adamych doesn’t tell stories; He, like me, is a keen listener himself.

Ms. Prostakova (Pravdin) Mrs. Prostakova.

. Do you hear, eorgafiya.

Ms. Prostakova Pravdin. They both force themselves to tell stories to the cowgirl Khavronya.

Pravdin.

Didn’t you both study geography from her?

. Do you hear, my dear friend? What kind of science is this?

Mrs. Prostakova (quietly to Mitrofan). Don't be stubborn, darling. Now is the time to show yourself.

. Yes, I have no idea what they are asking about.

Skotinin.

Description of the land.

But if we are to prove that the teaching is nonsense, then let’s take Uncle Vavila Faleleich. No one had ever heard of literacy from him, nor did he want to hear from anyone: and what a head he was!

Skotinin.

(To Starodum) Pravdin. Yes, this is what happened to him. Riding on a greyhound pacer, he ran drunkenly into the stone gate. The man was tall, the gate was low, he forgot to bend down. As soon as he hit his forehead against the lintel, the Indo bent his uncle to the back of his head, and the vigorous horse carried him out of the gate to the porch on his back. I would like to know if there is a learned forehead in the world that would not fall apart from such a blow; and my uncle, to his eternal memory, having sobered up, only asked if the gate was intact?

What is it?

Starodum

The heroes of "The Minor" have surnames, the sound of which is their unique characteristic. What are these surnames called?

D. I. Fonvizin “Minor”

Pravdin (To Mitrofan). How far are you in history?

Answer:

Name the genre to which Fonvizinsky’s “Minor” belongs.

Read the text fragment below and complete the tasks.

Mitrofan.

How far is it? What's the story? In another you will fly to distant lands, to a kingdom of thirty.

Pravdin.

Ms. Prostakova (to son) A! Is this the story that Vralman teaches you?

Mitrofan (quietly to mother). How do I know?

Starodum.

Mitrofan (quietly to mother) Vralman? The name is somewhat familiar.

Ms. Prostakova (Pravdin) Mitrofan.

Pravdin.

Ms. Prostakova (To Mitrofan) Geography.

No, our Adam Adamych doesn’t tell stories; He, like me, is a keen listener himself.

Ms. Prostakova (Pravdin) Mrs. Prostakova.

. Do you hear, eorgafiya.

Ms. Prostakova Pravdin. They both force themselves to tell stories to the cowgirl Khavronya.

Pravdin.

Didn’t you both study geography from her?

. Do you hear, my dear friend? What kind of science is this?

Mrs. Prostakova (quietly to Mitrofan). Don't be stubborn, darling. Now is the time to show yourself.

. Yes, I have no idea what they are asking about.

Skotinin.

Description of the land.

But if we are to prove that the teaching is nonsense, then let’s take Uncle Vavila Faleleich. No one had ever heard of literacy from him, nor did he want to hear from anyone: and what a head he was!

Skotinin.

(To Starodum) Pravdin. Yes, this is what happened to him. Riding on a greyhound pacer, he ran drunkenly into the stone gate. The man was tall, the gate was low, he forgot to bend down. As soon as he hit his forehead against the lintel, the Indo bent his uncle to the back of his head, and the vigorous horse carried him out of the gate to the porch on his back. I would like to know if there is a learned forehead in the world that would not fall apart from such a blow; and my uncle, to his eternal memory, having sobered up, only asked if the gate was intact?

What is it?

Starodum

What term denotes the author's comments and explanations during the action of the play (Ms. Prostakova (

D. I. Fonvizin “Minor”

Pravdin (To Mitrofan). How far are you in history?

Answer:

Name the genre to which Fonvizinsky’s “Minor” belongs.

Read the text fragment below and complete the tasks.

Mitrofan.

How far is it? What's the story? In another you will fly to distant lands, to a kingdom of thirty.

Pravdin.

Ms. Prostakova (to son) A! Is this the story that Vralman teaches you?

Mitrofan (quietly to mother). How do I know?

Starodum.

Mitrofan (quietly to mother) Vralman? The name is somewhat familiar.

Ms. Prostakova (Pravdin) Mitrofan.

Pravdin.

Ms. Prostakova (To Mitrofan) Geography.

No, our Adam Adamych doesn’t tell stories; He, like me, is a keen listener himself.

Ms. Prostakova (Pravdin) Mrs. Prostakova.

. Do you hear, eorgafiya.

Ms. Prostakova Pravdin. They both force themselves to tell stories to the cowgirl Khavronya.

Pravdin.

Didn’t you both study geography from her?

. Do you hear, my dear friend? What kind of science is this?

Mrs. Prostakova (quietly to Mitrofan). Don't be stubborn, darling. Now is the time to show yourself.

. Yes, I have no idea what they are asking about.

Skotinin.

Description of the land.

But if we are to prove that the teaching is nonsense, then let’s take Uncle Vavila Faleleich. No one had ever heard of literacy from him, nor did he want to hear from anyone: and what a head he was!

Skotinin.

(To Starodum) Pravdin. Yes, this is what happened to him. Riding on a greyhound pacer, he ran drunkenly into the stone gate. The man was tall, the gate was low, he forgot to bend down. As soon as he hit his forehead against the lintel, the Indo bent his uncle to the back of his head, and the vigorous horse carried him out of the gate to the porch on his back. I would like to know if there is a learned forehead in the world that would not fall apart from such a blow; and my uncle, to his eternal memory, having sobered up, only asked if the gate was intact?

What is it?

Starodum

quietly to Mitrofan

D. I. Fonvizin “Minor”

Pravdin (To Mitrofan). How far are you in history?

Answer:

Name the genre to which Fonvizinsky’s “Minor” belongs.

Read the text fragment below and complete the tasks.

Mitrofan.

How far is it? What's the story? In another you will fly to distant lands, to a kingdom of thirty.

Pravdin.

Ms. Prostakova (to son) A! Is this the story that Vralman teaches you?

Mitrofan (quietly to mother). How do I know?

Starodum.

Mitrofan (quietly to mother) Vralman? The name is somewhat familiar.

Ms. Prostakova (Pravdin) Mitrofan.

Pravdin.

Ms. Prostakova (To Mitrofan) Geography.

No, our Adam Adamych doesn’t tell stories; He, like me, is a keen listener himself.

Ms. Prostakova (Pravdin) Mrs. Prostakova.

. Do you hear, eorgafiya.

Ms. Prostakova Pravdin. They both force themselves to tell stories to the cowgirl Khavronya.

Pravdin.

Didn’t you both study geography from her?

. Do you hear, my dear friend? What kind of science is this?

Mrs. Prostakova (quietly to Mitrofan). Don't be stubborn, darling. Now is the time to show yourself.

. Yes, I have no idea what they are asking about.

Skotinin.

Description of the land.

But if we are to prove that the teaching is nonsense, then let’s take Uncle Vavila Faleleich. No one had ever heard of literacy from him, nor did he want to hear from anyone: and what a head he was!

Skotinin.

(To Starodum) Pravdin. Yes, this is what happened to him. Riding on a greyhound pacer, he ran drunkenly into the stone gate. The man was tall, the gate was low, he forgot to bend down. As soon as he hit his forehead against the lintel, the Indo bent his uncle to the back of his head, and the vigorous horse carried him out of the gate to the porch on his back. I would like to know if there is a learned forehead in the world that would not fall apart from such a blow; and my uncle, to his eternal memory, having sobered up, only asked if the gate was intact?

What is it?

Starodum

The basis of the play's action is the conversation of the characters, the exchange of remarks. What is this form of communication between characters called?

D. I. Fonvizin “Minor”

Pravdin (To Mitrofan). How far are you in history?

Answer:

Name the genre to which Fonvizinsky’s “Minor” belongs.

Read the text fragment below and complete the tasks.

Mitrofan.

How far is it? What's the story? In another you will fly to distant lands, to a kingdom of thirty.

Pravdin.

Ms. Prostakova (to son) A! Is this the story that Vralman teaches you?

Mitrofan (quietly to mother). How do I know?

Starodum.

Mitrofan (quietly to mother) Vralman? The name is somewhat familiar.

Ms. Prostakova (Pravdin) Mitrofan.

Pravdin.

Ms. Prostakova (To Mitrofan) Geography.

No, our Adam Adamych doesn’t tell stories; He, like me, is a keen listener himself.

Ms. Prostakova (Pravdin) Mrs. Prostakova.

. Do you hear, eorgafiya.

Ms. Prostakova Pravdin. They both force themselves to tell stories to the cowgirl Khavronya.

Pravdin.

Didn’t you both study geography from her?

. Do you hear, my dear friend? What kind of science is this?

Mrs. Prostakova (quietly to Mitrofan). Don't be stubborn, darling. Now is the time to show yourself.

. Yes, I have no idea what they are asking about.

Skotinin.

Description of the land.

But if we are to prove that the teaching is nonsense, then let’s take Uncle Vavila Faleleich. No one had ever heard of literacy from him, nor did he want to hear from anyone: and what a head he was!

Skotinin.

(To Starodum) Pravdin. Yes, this is what happened to him. Riding on a greyhound pacer, he ran drunkenly into the stone gate. The man was tall, the gate was low, he forgot to bend down. As soon as he hit his forehead against the lintel, the Indo bent his uncle to the back of his head, and the vigorous horse carried him out of the gate to the porch on his back. I would like to know if there is a learned forehead in the world that would not fall apart from such a blow; and my uncle, to his eternal memory, having sobered up, only asked if the gate was intact?

What is it?

In the stories of Ms. Prostakova and Skotinin, the “dead father” and uncle Vavila Faleleich appear. What are the names of the characters mentioned in the speech of the heroes, but not appearing on stage?

D. I. Fonvizin “Minor”

Pravdin (To Mitrofan). How far are you in history?

Answer:

Name the genre to which Fonvizinsky’s “Minor” belongs.

Read the text fragment below and complete the tasks.

Mitrofan.

How far is it? What's the story? In another you will fly to distant lands, to a kingdom of thirty.

Pravdin.

Ms. Prostakova (to son) A! Is this the story that Vralman teaches you?

Mitrofan (quietly to mother). How do I know?

Starodum.

Mitrofan (quietly to mother) Vralman? The name is somewhat familiar.

Ms. Prostakova (Pravdin) Mitrofan.

Pravdin.

Ms. Prostakova (To Mitrofan) Geography.

No, our Adam Adamych doesn’t tell stories; He, like me, is a keen listener himself.

Ms. Prostakova (Pravdin) Mrs. Prostakova.

. Do you hear, eorgafiya.

Ms. Prostakova Pravdin. They both force themselves to tell stories to the cowgirl Khavronya.

Pravdin.

Didn’t you both study geography from her?

. Do you hear, my dear friend? What kind of science is this?

Mrs. Prostakova (quietly to Mitrofan). Don't be stubborn, darling. Now is the time to show yourself.

. Yes, I have no idea what they are asking about.

Skotinin.

Description of the land.

But if we are to prove that the teaching is nonsense, then let’s take Uncle Vavila Faleleich. No one had ever heard of literacy from him, nor did he want to hear from anyone: and what a head he was!

Skotinin.

(To Starodum) Pravdin. Yes, this is what happened to him. Riding on a greyhound pacer, he ran drunkenly into the stone gate. The man was tall, the gate was low, he forgot to bend down. As soon as he hit his forehead against the lintel, the Indo bent his uncle to the back of his head, and the vigorous horse carried him out of the gate to the porch on his back. I would like to know if there is a learned forehead in the world that would not fall apart from such a blow; and my uncle, to his eternal memory, having sobered up, only asked if the gate was intact?

What is it?

What term denotes a significant small detail that contains an important meaning (for example, Father’s chest from the story of Mrs. Prostakova)?
What is the comedy of the “exam” arranged for Mitrofan?

Which works of Russian classics depict the clash of ignorance and enlightenment, and in what ways can these works be compared with the play by D.I. Fonvizin?.

Solutions to long-answer tasks are not automatically checked.

The next page will ask you to check them yourself.

« Quotes from prose

Zhukovsky "Svetlana"

Beginning of the ballad

Once on Epiphany evening

The girls wondered:

A shoe behind the gate»

They took it off their feet and threw it..."

“Our best friend in this life « Faith in Providence

Fonvizin "Nedorosl"»

Starodum

« In the great world there are small souls."

“It is unlawful to humiliate one’s own kind through slavery Prostakov

« I've been studying for four years now" – about Mitrofanushka (the pointlessness of his training)

Eremeevna gets " five rubles a year, and five slaps a day»

Prostakova « Doesn't a nobleman have the right to beat a servant whenever he wants?»

Griboyedov "Woe from Wit"

Contemporaries about comedy:

Pushkin « There is a lot of intelligence and humor in the poems,” “a striking picture of morals»

Katenin « The darkness of mind and salt»

Sophia « Happy hours don't watch»

« He has a screw loose"(about Chatsky) - the first to spread the rumor.

Famusov « My custom is this:

Signed, off your shoulders"

“There is no need for another model,

When your father's example is in your eyes"(Sofya)

« He who is poor is not a match for you"(Sofya)

« What will Princess Marya Aleksevna say?"(the phrase ends the comedy, Famusov’s dependence on other people’s opinions)

Molchalin: « At my age you shouldn't dare

Have your own judgment"(spinelessness and servility)

Father’s testament to Molchalin: “ please all people without exception»

« Evil tongues are worse than a gun»

Chatsky « Ranks are given by people,

And people can be deceived»

« The houses are new, but the prejudices are old."

“And the smoke of the Fatherland is sweet and pleasant to us...”

“I’d be glad to serve, but it’s sickening to be served”

“Silent people are blissful in the world!”

“But in fact, he will reach the famous levels

After all, nowadays they love the dumb.”(about Molchalin)

Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter"

« Take care of the dress again, and honor from a young age" - epigraph, father's testament to Grinev

« I came to ask for mercy, not justice." - Masha Mironova to Catherine II

Shvabrin describes Masha Grineva “ a complete fool»

« Just don’t demand what is contrary to my honor and Christian conscience» - Grinev Pugachev.

"Eugene Onegin"

« Are you really in love with the smaller one?

-And what? - “I would choose another,

If only I were like you, a poet"

“Always modest, always obedient,

Always cheerful like the morning,

How a poet's life is simple-minded,

How sweet is love's kiss" (Olga)

“He traveled the world with a lyre:

Under the sky of Schiller and Goethe

Their poetic fire

The soul ignited in him" (Lensky)

« Not your sister's beauty,

nor her rosy beauty,

She wouldn't attract anyone's attention» ( Tatiana)

« Dick, sad, silent,

Like a forest deer is timid,

She is in her own family

Seemed like a stranger to the girl»( Tatiana)

“I love you (why lie?),

But I was given to another;

I will be faithful to him forever"(last thing Tatiana's explanation with Onegin)

« They kept life peaceful

Habits of a dear old man"(traditions in the Larin family, which partly explain Tatyana’s passion for mysticism, fortune telling, and her love of nature)

« What do you want more?

The light has decided

That he is smart and very nice»( about Onegin, secular society is narrow in views, petty, low)

« Isn't he a parody?» ( Tatiana about Onegin)

« With your mind to be a petty slave of feelings?(Tatyana to Onegin, question about Tatiana’s doubts about Evgeniy’s love for her)

The compositional feature of the novel is an open ending, the author leaves Onegin after the explanation with Tatyana

« And here, my hero,

In a moment that is evil for him,

Reader, we will now leave,

For a long time, forever»

The main question that occupied D.I. Fonvizin in the comedy “The Minor” is the question of what a true nobleman should be and whether the Russian nobility meets its purpose. D. I. Fonvizin sees “the true essence of the position of a nobleman in serving the state and fatherland.” Only in one case can a nobleman withdraw from public service, “resign.” This is “when he is internally convinced that serving his fatherland will not bring direct benefit.” But even after leaving public service, he must meet the appointment of a nobleman. It lies in the reasonable management of the estate and peasants, in a humane attitude towards them.

Turning to the depiction of the local life of the nobles, D. I. Fonvizin made the main subject of attention the relations of the nobles with the peasants. He directed his comedy against “those malicious ignoramuses who, having their complete power over people, use it inhumanly for evil.”

The grouping of characters in D. I. Fonvizin’s comedy reflects the real, actual process of stratification of the nobility. The comedy clearly contrasts two categories of people: ignorant, unenlightened nobles and educated, enlightened nobles.

D.I. Fonvizin sees the reason for the evil nature of his heroes in their ignorance, “in their own corruption.” “I couldn’t read and write” the father of Prostakova and Skotinin. “I didn’t want to hear from anyone” about her, their uncle Vavila Falaleich; “I haven’t read anything since I was born” Skotinin Jr. Children inherited disdain for science from their fathers. “People live and have lived without science”, “learning is nonsense”, the main thing is to be able to “earn enough and save” - this is what the everyday philosophy of the ignorant nobility boils down to. In the hands of this nobility, far from understanding the needs of the state, The education of the younger generation of nobles is underway. Revealing the image of Mitrofan, D. I. Fonvizin achieves great artistic persuasiveness in the depiction of the young rake. The word “minor” had a completely neutral meaning: this was the name given to young nobles who had not yet received sufficient education, did not have a certificate of education and could not be admitted (not mature enough) to serve in the army or in the office. The significance of D. I. Fonvizin’s comedy was so great, the ridicule of the noble lout-child was so caustic that subsequently the pack called ignoramuses and lazy people, careless teenagers and young men “juniors.”

Formation into a hero consumer attitude to life is determined by the entire atmosphere of manor life. There is no sharp opposition between fathers and children in the camp of ignorant nobles, since they do not have a different understanding of the “position of a nobleman.” The idea of ​​“being useful to one’s fellow citizens” is equally alien to them. “In our country, it used to be that everyone would just look to retire,” Prostakova recalls earlier times. Like many, Skotinin rushed to “rest” on his estate, retiring with the rank of corporal. Prostakova understands that her Mitrofan will have to serve, and different times have come: “there are a lot of smart people now.” She no longer dares to declare, like her father: “It wouldn’t be Skotinin who wants to learn something.” Her attitude towards learning has not changed, her conditions have changed: “What are you going to do? Little child, without studying, go to the same Petersburg; They’ll say he’s a fool.” And she hires teachers, although she doesn’t see much point in studying science: “Whoever is smarter, his brothers will immediately choose him for some other position.” She perceives the service as something hostile to her son.

results harmful effects were not slow to appear. “He’s been studying for four years now,” Mitrofan, but to no avail. He adopted his parents' philosophy. Pravdin's decision to send him to military service(“Let’s go serve”) the ignoramus accepts it as an inevitable evil and submits, “with a wave of his hand.”

Another reason for the inhumanity of the nobles was the conditions of serf life. The unlimited power of the landowner over his serfs, the consciousness of lack of control and impunity for any actions in the absence of moral concepts inevitably led to arbitrariness and despotism. Prostakova and Skotinin have the same methods of managing peasants. “I don’t intend to indulge the slaves,” says the sister, who gives orders to punish the tailor for the caftan, which, in her brother’s opinion, is “pretty well made.” “All guilt is to blame” and Skotinin. He willingly agrees to help Prostakova punish the “guilty” Trishka (“...I have the same custom with you in this, sister”), but on the occasion of the engagement he asks to postpone the “punishment until tomorrow.”

Heartlessness, despotism, unwillingness to recognize the serfs as having any rights to equality with the “noble” characterize the attitude of wild landowners towards their people. One of Prostakova’s most devoted serfs, mother Eremeevna, has been serving her for forty years now, and receives “five rubles a year and five slaps a day” as a reward for her service, and goes “runaway” to the “local servants” in the estate fire a day for three hours straight.” Don’t you dare get sick (“She’s lying there! Oh, she’s a beast! She’s lying there. As if she were noble!”), don’t dare think about food (“It’s a disaster for our brother, how bad the food is, how there was no food for the local dinner today”), obediently carry out the will her masters, even if she is criminal. “Rogues! The thieves! Fraudsters! I’ll order everyone to be beaten to death!” - Prostakova shouts, having learned about the failed abduction of Sophia.

They are sincerely surprised by Pravdin’s question: “Do you consider yourself to have the right to fight whenever you want?” - “Am I not powerful in my people?” - “Isn’t a nobleman free to beat a servant whenever he wants?” - he hears in response. According to Pravdin, Prostakova is an “inhuman madam,” and life in her house and estate is “utter darkness.” Through the mouth of Starodum, D.I. Fonvizin pronounces a verdict on the serf-owners’ camp: “A nobleman unworthy of being a nobleman! I don’t know anything more vile than him in the world!”

Option No. 22351

When completing tasks with a short answer, enter in the answer field the number that corresponds to the number of the correct answer, or a number, a word, a sequence of letters (words) or numbers. The answer should be written without spaces or any additional characters. The answer to tasks 1-7 is a word, or phrase, or sequence of numbers. Write your answers without spaces, commas, or other additional characters. For tasks 8-9, give a coherent answer in 5-10 sentences. When completing task 9, select two works of different authors for comparison (in one of the examples, it is acceptable to refer to the work of the author who owns the source text); indicate the titles of the works and the names of the authors; justify your choice and compare the works with the proposed text in a given direction of analysis.

Performing tasks 10-14 is a word, or phrase, or sequence of numbers. When completing task 15-16, rely on the author’s position and, if necessary, express your point of view. Justify your answer based on the text of the work. When completing task 16, select two works of different authors for comparison (in one of the examples, it is permissible to refer to the work of the author who owns the source text); indicate the titles of the works and the names of the authors; justify your choice and compare the works with the proposed text in a given direction of analysis.

For task 17, give a detailed, reasoned answer in the genre of an essay of at least 200 words (an essay of less than 150 words is scored zero points). Analyze a literary work based on the author’s position, using the necessary theoretical and literary concepts. When giving an answer, follow the norms of speech.

If the option is specified by the teacher, you can enter or upload answers to tasks with a detailed answer into the system. The teacher will see the results of completing tasks with a short answer and will be able to evaluate the downloaded answers to tasks with a long answer. The scores assigned by the teacher will appear in your statistics.

Indicate the genre to which D. I. Fonvizin’s play “The Minor” belongs.

Ms. Prostakova (Trishka). Get out, you bastard. (Eremeevna.)

Mrs. Prostakova. How is this possible?

Prostakov (to the side). Well, my bad! Sleep in hand!

Mitrofan (loosen up). So I felt sorry.

Ms. Prostakova (with annoyance). Who, Mitrofanushka?

What is it?

Starodum

Name a literary movement that was developed in the literature of the 18th century, the principles of which were embodied in the play by D. I. Fonvizin.

Read the text fragment below and complete tasks B1-B7; C1-C2.

Ms. Prostakova (Trishka). Get out, you bastard. (Eremeevna.) Go ahead, Eremeevna, let the child have breakfast. Vit, I’m having tea, the teachers will come soon.

Eremeevna.

He already, mother, deigned to eat five buns.

Mrs. Prostakova.

So you feel sorry for the sixth one, beast? What zeal! Please take a look.

Eremeevna.

Cheers, mother. I said this for Mitrofan.

Terentyevich.

I grieved until the morning.

Mrs. Prostakova.

Oh, mother of God! What happened to you, Mitrofanushka?

Mitrofan.

Yes, mother. Yesterday after dinner it hit me.

Skotinin.

Yes, it’s clear, brother, you had a hearty dinner.

Mrs. Prostakova. How is this possible?

Mitrofan.

Prostakov (to the side). Well, my bad! Sleep in hand!

Mitrofan (loosen up). So I felt sorry.

Ms. Prostakova (with annoyance). Who, Mitrofanushka?

And I, uncle, almost didn’t have dinner at all.

Prostakov.

I remember, my friend, you wanted to eat something.

Mitrofan.

What! Three slices of corned beef, and hearth slices, I don’t remember, five, I don’t remember, six.

Eremeevna.

Every now and then he asked for a drink at night. I deigned to eat a whole jug of kvass.

Mitrofan. And now I’m walking around like crazy. All night such rubbish was in my eyes.

What is it?

Starodum

Mrs. Prostakova. What rubbish, Mitrofanushka?

Read the text fragment below and complete tasks B1-B7; C1-C2.

Ms. Prostakova (Trishka). Get out, you bastard. (Eremeevna.) Go ahead, Eremeevna, let the child have breakfast. Vit, I’m having tea, the teachers will come soon.

Eremeevna.

He already, mother, deigned to eat five buns.

Mrs. Prostakova.

So you feel sorry for the sixth one, beast? What zeal! Please take a look.

Eremeevna.

Cheers, mother. I said this for Mitrofan.

Terentyevich.

I grieved until the morning.

Mrs. Prostakova.

Oh, mother of God! What happened to you, Mitrofanushka?

Mitrofan.

Yes, mother. Yesterday after dinner it hit me.

Skotinin.

Yes, it’s clear, brother, you had a hearty dinner.

Mrs. Prostakova. How is this possible?

Mitrofan.

Prostakov (to the side). Well, my bad! Sleep in hand!

Mitrofan (loosen up). So I felt sorry.

Ms. Prostakova (with annoyance). Who, Mitrofanushka?

And I, uncle, almost didn’t have dinner at all.

Prostakov.

I remember, my friend, you wanted to eat something.

Mitrofan.

What! Three slices of corned beef, and hearth slices, I don’t remember, five, I don’t remember, six.

Eremeevna.

Every now and then he asked for a drink at night. I deigned to eat a whole jug of kvass.

Mitrofan. And now I’m walking around like crazy. All night such rubbish was in my eyes.

What is it?

Starodum

Mitrofan. Yes, either you, mother, or father.

Read the text fragment below and complete tasks B1-B7; C1-C2.

Ms. Prostakova (Trishka). Get out, you bastard. (Eremeevna.) Go ahead, Eremeevna, let the child have breakfast. Vit, I’m having tea, the teachers will come soon.

Eremeevna.

He already, mother, deigned to eat five buns.

Mrs. Prostakova.

So you feel sorry for the sixth one, beast? What zeal! Please take a look.

Eremeevna.

Cheers, mother. I said this for Mitrofan.

Terentyevich.

I grieved until the morning.

Mrs. Prostakova.

Oh, mother of God! What happened to you, Mitrofanushka?

Mitrofan.

Yes, mother. Yesterday after dinner it hit me.

Skotinin.

Yes, it’s clear, brother, you had a hearty dinner.

Mrs. Prostakova. How is this possible?

Mitrofan.

Prostakov (to the side). Well, my bad! Sleep in hand!

Mitrofan (loosen up). So I felt sorry.

Ms. Prostakova (with annoyance). Who, Mitrofanushka?

And I, uncle, almost didn’t have dinner at all.

Prostakov.

I remember, my friend, you wanted to eat something.

Mitrofan.

What! Three slices of corned beef, and hearth slices, I don’t remember, five, I don’t remember, six.

Eremeevna.

Every now and then he asked for a drink at night. I deigned to eat a whole jug of kvass.

Mitrofan. And now I’m walking around like crazy. All night such rubbish was in my eyes.

What is it?

Starodum

The speech of the characters is replete with words and expressions that violate the literary norm (“such rubbish,” “get around me,” etc.). Indicate this type of speech.

Read the text fragment below and complete tasks B1-B7; C1-C2.

Ms. Prostakova (Trishka). Get out, you bastard. (Eremeevna.) Go ahead, Eremeevna, let the child have breakfast. Vit, I’m having tea, the teachers will come soon.

Eremeevna.

He already, mother, deigned to eat five buns.

Mrs. Prostakova.

So you feel sorry for the sixth one, beast? What zeal! Please take a look.

Eremeevna.

Cheers, mother. I said this for Mitrofan.

Terentyevich.

I grieved until the morning.

Mrs. Prostakova.

Oh, mother of God! What happened to you, Mitrofanushka?

Mitrofan.

Yes, mother. Yesterday after dinner it hit me.

Skotinin.

Yes, it’s clear, brother, you had a hearty dinner.

Mrs. Prostakova. How is this possible?

Mitrofan.

Prostakov (to the side). Well, my bad! Sleep in hand!

Mitrofan (loosen up). So I felt sorry.

Ms. Prostakova (with annoyance). Who, Mitrofanushka?

And I, uncle, almost didn’t have dinner at all.

Prostakov.

I remember, my friend, you wanted to eat something.

Mitrofan.

What! Three slices of corned beef, and hearth slices, I don’t remember, five, I don’t remember, six.

Eremeevna.

Every now and then he asked for a drink at night. I deigned to eat a whole jug of kvass.

Mitrofan. And now I’m walking around like crazy. All night such rubbish was in my eyes.

What is it?

Starodum

The names and surnames of the characters in this episode carry a certain meaning. What are these first and last names called?

Read the text fragment below and complete tasks B1-B7; C1-C2.

Ms. Prostakova (Trishka). Get out, you bastard. (Eremeevna.) Go ahead, Eremeevna, let the child have breakfast. Vit, I’m having tea, the teachers will come soon.

Eremeevna.

He already, mother, deigned to eat five buns.

Mrs. Prostakova.

So you feel sorry for the sixth one, beast? What zeal! Please take a look.

Eremeevna.

Cheers, mother. I said this for Mitrofan.

Terentyevich.

I grieved until the morning.

Mrs. Prostakova.

Oh, mother of God! What happened to you, Mitrofanushka?

Mitrofan.

Yes, mother. Yesterday after dinner it hit me.

Skotinin.

Yes, it’s clear, brother, you had a hearty dinner.

Mrs. Prostakova. How is this possible?

Mitrofan.

Prostakov (to the side). Well, my bad! Sleep in hand!

Mitrofan (loosen up). So I felt sorry.

Ms. Prostakova (with annoyance). Who, Mitrofanushka?

And I, uncle, almost didn’t have dinner at all.

Prostakov.

I remember, my friend, you wanted to eat something.

Mitrofan.

What! Three slices of corned beef, and hearth slices, I don’t remember, five, I don’t remember, six.

Eremeevna.

Every now and then he asked for a drink at night. I deigned to eat a whole jug of kvass.

Mitrofan. And now I’m walking around like crazy. All night such rubbish was in my eyes.

What is it?

Starodum

The given scene contains information about the characters, the place and time of the action, and describes the circumstances that took place before it began. Indicate the stage in the development of the plot, which is characterized by the named features.

Read the text fragment below and complete tasks B1-B7; C1-C2.

Ms. Prostakova (Trishka). Get out, you bastard. (Eremeevna.) Go ahead, Eremeevna, let the child have breakfast. Vit, I’m having tea, the teachers will come soon.

Eremeevna.

He already, mother, deigned to eat five buns.

Mrs. Prostakova.

So you feel sorry for the sixth one, beast? What zeal! Please take a look.

Eremeevna.

Cheers, mother. I said this for Mitrofan.

Terentyevich.

I grieved until the morning.

Mrs. Prostakova.

Oh, mother of God! What happened to you, Mitrofanushka?

Mitrofan.

Yes, mother. Yesterday after dinner it hit me.

Skotinin.

Yes, it’s clear, brother, you had a hearty dinner.

Mrs. Prostakova. How is this possible?

Mitrofan.

Prostakov (to the side). Well, my bad! Sleep in hand!

Mitrofan (loosen up). So I felt sorry.

Ms. Prostakova (with annoyance). Who, Mitrofanushka?

And I, uncle, almost didn’t have dinner at all.

Prostakov.

I remember, my friend, you wanted to eat something.

Mitrofan.

What! Three slices of corned beef, and hearth slices, I don’t remember, five, I don’t remember, six.

Eremeevna.

Every now and then he asked for a drink at night. I deigned to eat a whole jug of kvass.

Mitrofan. And now I’m walking around like crazy. All night such rubbish was in my eyes.

What is it?

Starodum

What can you say about the education system in the Prostakov family?

Read the text fragment below and complete tasks B1-B7; C1-C2.

Ms. Prostakova (Trishka). Get out, you bastard. (Eremeevna.) Go ahead, Eremeevna, let the child have breakfast. Vit, I’m having tea, the teachers will come soon.

Eremeevna.

He already, mother, deigned to eat five buns.

Mrs. Prostakova.

So you feel sorry for the sixth one, beast? What zeal! Please take a look.

Eremeevna.

Cheers, mother. I said this for Mitrofan.

Terentyevich.

I grieved until the morning.

Mrs. Prostakova.

Oh, mother of God! What happened to you, Mitrofanushka?

Mitrofan.

Yes, mother. Yesterday after dinner it hit me.

Skotinin.

Yes, it’s clear, brother, you had a hearty dinner.

Mrs. Prostakova. How is this possible?

Mitrofan.

Prostakov (to the side). Well, my bad! Sleep in hand!

Mitrofan (loosen up). So I felt sorry.

Ms. Prostakova (with annoyance). Who, Mitrofanushka?

And I, uncle, almost didn’t have dinner at all.

Prostakov.

I remember, my friend, you wanted to eat something.

Mitrofan.

What! Three slices of corned beef, and hearth slices, I don’t remember, five, I don’t remember, six.

Eremeevna.

Every now and then he asked for a drink at night. I deigned to eat a whole jug of kvass.

Mitrofan. And now I’m walking around like crazy. All night such rubbish was in my eyes.

What is it?

What works of Russian writers satirically depict the morals of the nobles and what brings them closer to the play by D. I. Fonvizin?

Read the text fragment below and complete tasks B1-B7; C1-C2.

Ms. Prostakova (Trishka). Get out, you bastard. (Eremeevna.) Go ahead, Eremeevna, let the child have breakfast. Vit, I’m having tea, the teachers will come soon.

Eremeevna.

He already, mother, deigned to eat five buns.

Mrs. Prostakova.

So you feel sorry for the sixth one, beast? What zeal! Please take a look.

Eremeevna.

Cheers, mother. I said this for Mitrofan.

Terentyevich.

I grieved until the morning.

Mrs. Prostakova.

Oh, mother of God! What happened to you, Mitrofanushka?

Mitrofan.

Yes, mother. Yesterday after dinner it hit me.

Skotinin.

Yes, it’s clear, brother, you had a hearty dinner.

Mrs. Prostakova. How is this possible?

Mitrofan.

Prostakov (to the side). Well, my bad! Sleep in hand!

Mitrofan (loosen up). So I felt sorry.

Ms. Prostakova (with annoyance). Who, Mitrofanushka?

And I, uncle, almost didn’t have dinner at all.

Prostakov.

I remember, my friend, you wanted to eat something.

Mitrofan.

What! Three slices of corned beef, and hearth slices, I don’t remember, five, I don’t remember, six.

Eremeevna.

Every now and then he asked for a drink at night. I deigned to eat a whole jug of kvass.

Mitrofan. And now I’m walking around like crazy. All night such rubbish was in my eyes.

What is it?

What term denotes a significant small detail that contains an important meaning (for example, Father’s chest from the story of Mrs. Prostakova)?
What is the comedy of the “exam” arranged for Mitrofan?

“Being famous is ugly,” “The purpose of creativity is dedication.” What are such laconic sayings called, containing philosophical or worldly wisdom, an instructive conclusion? Give your answer in the singular.

B. L. Pasternak, 1956

Starodum

Name the stylistic figure associated with the repetition of a word at the beginning of poetic lines:

And plunge into the unknown, And hide your steps in it...

Read the poem below and complete tasks B8-B12; SZ-S4.

Comedy D.I. Fonvizin's "Minor" is the first great play on the Russian stage. It was Fonvizin who became the founder of Russian drama in general, and his work still serves as a guide for playwrights.

History of creation

D.I. Fonvizin was one of the most educated people of his time. He traveled a lot, especially loved France, the birthplace of the Enlightenment. Impressed by the French successes and remembering Peter's ideals, of which he was a follower, the playwright decided to write a comedy ridiculing the ignorance of the nobles. He believed that the root of evil was the savagery of the nobility, and that Russia's problems could be solved by educating the younger generation. The comedy was created in 1782.

Plot and composition

Before talking about the plot, I must say that Denis Ivanovich wrote in the era of classicism. It is not my task to talk about this direction now; I will only recall the basic principles of comedy, since classicism required adherence to the canons. So, for drama in general and comedy in particular, the rule of “three unities” was strictly observed: unity of place (everything happens in one place), unity of time (time is 24 hours), unity of action (the action unfolds around one conflict). Let's remember this, otherwise we won't understand much. The action takes place on the Prostakov estate. Family: Mrs. Prostakova, Mr. Prostakov and their son Mitrofan. Starodum’s niece Sophia lives on the estate, who came here six months before the events. Mitrofan is a minor, that is, a noble son who has not started service. Prostakova has a brother, Skotinin, who lives on his estate, but visits his sister.

Prostakova dreams of marrying Mitrofan to Sophia because of her estates, and after Starodum’s arrival and Sophia’s announcement as his heir, Prostakova, Mitrofan, and Skotinin join the fight for her. But Sophia does not love Mitrofan, but loves the officer Milon. This is how a love conflict begins, which, according to the conditions of classicism, as you remember, should be the only one. But everything is resolved well: Starodum and the official Pravdin examine Mitrofan, Prostakov tries to take Sophia away by force, she is exposed by Pravdin and Milon, Starodum pronounces a long monologue about the harmfulness of evil, Mitrofan and Skotinin are left with nothing, Sophia marries Milon. Everyone is happy. I talked about a love conflict, and in my retelling it is not very interesting. The main thing in the comedy was another conflict, the conflict between progressive and ignorant nobles. This was the great playwright’s idea - to show what consequences ignorance and lack of education can lead to. And if you look at the plot of the play from this point of view, then everything that happens in it appears in a slightly different light. So, let's look at the plot and composition from this side. Mitrofan, an undergrowth, lives with his parents on the Prostakovs’ estate. Prostakova knows that her son needs to be taught, and hires teachers “in more numbers, at a cheaper price.” This is retired sergeant Tsyfirkin, sexton Kuteikin and former coachman Vralman, from the Germans. Mitrofan studies without bothering, because he is very tired, because he is chasing pigeons, eats five or six hearth (bread), drinks two jugs of kvass - he is very tired! Prostakova believes that there is no need for a nobleman to study, because their life is ensured by serfdom: “Why eorgafia? Wherever the master says, they will take him there.” And Mitrofan demonstrates the amazing fruits of his studies, arriving at a brilliant result: “I don’t want to study, but I want to get married.” At the same time, he enters into an armed conflict with his uncle Skotinin, claiming Sophia’s hand, heart, and most importantly, money. Starodum, knowing about Prostakova's intentions, arranges an exam for Mitrofan. He fails deafeningly, his mother and son try to take Sophia away by force, but Milon stops them. Prostakova shows her worst qualities, insulting everyone and swearing with everyone, and after Pravdin announced the decision to confiscate Prostakova’s estate, she rushes to her son in the hope of consolation, but Mitrofan rudely pushes her away. She is left completely alone. Starodum sums it up: “These are the worthy fruits of evil.” As you can see, Fonvizin could not stay within the framework of classicism, because he wanted to ridicule more than one vice or desire, like, for example, Moliere in “The Bourgeois in the Nobility”, he ridiculed the nobility as a class mired in vices, and the main reason for this was the playwright considers ignorance and deviation from the ideals of the Petrine era. This is clearly visible from the development of the second conflict. And this is the idea of ​​the work.

Prostakova's image of the world Yes, in the comedy the main attention is paid to Prostakova and her entourage. It is no coincidence that I call this a world, because the main character builds her life according to her own laws, and forces everyone around her to live this way. What does the author use to reveal the images of Prostakova, Mitrofan, Skotinin?

Answer:

• plot;

• speech characteristics,

• relationships between characters;

• characterization of other characters and self-characterization.

Now let's find the answer in the play.

1. In the plot of the comedy, Prostakova and Mitrofan appear before us as ignorant people (the scene with the teachers, when Prostakova gives her son “life lessons”, and Mitrofan’s exam, in which he shows his complete stupidity and does not even understand why he is funny. Throughout Prostakova’s play demonstrates cunning and resourcefulness (relationships with Sophia and Starodum), exorbitant greed (he wants to marry Sophia to his son because of the estate, then he even tries to take her away by force with her husband, she is affectionate to the point of cloying with her son).

• The speech of negative characters is replete with colloquialisms and vulgarisms; Skotinin and Mitrofan cannot connect two words. With Starodum and Pravdin, Prostakova becomes flatteringly polite, which reveals low, vicious natures in her and Mitrofan. Skotinin’s main word is “pigs”, and this is his main characteristic: he knows nothing more and is not interested in anything.

• The relationships between the heroes reveal the animal nature in the images of ignorant nobles. Mitrofan and Skotinin fight over Sophia, Mr. Prostakov cannot say anything - he is so overwhelmed by his domineering wife, Mitrofan shamelessly flatters his mother at the beginning (“you’re so tired, beating the priest”) and rudely pushes her away at the end, betrays her (“Yes get rid of yourself... just like you imposed yourself"). They are rude to the teachers, with the exception of Vralman, and only because he is a foreigner and never ceases to flatter the owners. The system of secondary characters exists in order to more clearly show the wretchedness of the main characters. These are teachers, serfs (Eremeevna, Mitrofan’s nanny, who has seen nothing but rudeness and beatings from the owners, but defends Mitrofan with all her strength, Trishka, a home-grown tailor who gets paid for his craft, although he did not study). All the minor characters in one way or another demonstrate the nature of the Prostakovs.

• There are direct characteristics in the comedy from Starodum. “These are the fruits worthy of evil!” - this is what he says about the Prostakovs, and this is his most striking remark. Self-characterization is Skotinin’s story about his pigs, Prostakova about her family (dad died of hunger, sitting on a chest of gold, where he put bribes from petitioners; out of eighteen children, only two survived, who fell from the bell tower, who was poisoned, who died in the bathhouse - that’s all education). “I don’t want to study, but I want to get married,” Mitrofan’s self-characterization.

Now we can draw a conclusion, answering the question: what is Prostakova’s world like, what are its laws? Prostakova's world lives according to animal laws. there are no concepts of high love, duty, civic position. There is greed, ignorance, rudeness. Moreover, This world is aggressive, it tries to subjugate everyone else, spreading its influence by all means. The playwright believes that only education, education of a citizen can put an end to the Prostakovs and the like.

Before you is a plan and working materials for the essay. How will this be useful to you on the Unified State Exam? Comedy material can be used in essays that raise the problem of education, enlightenment, moral education. Speaking about the world of the Prostakovs, one can show how ignorant people are ALWAYS base and immoral people, because the lack of upbringing and education leads to the fact that the base, animal side awakens in a person. Yes, the work is difficult both to read and to perceive. But let us still pay tribute to the man who founded Russian national drama.

The material was prepared by Karelina Larisa Vladislavovna, teacher of the Russian language of the highest category, honorary worker of general education of the Russian Federation