Chatsky’s attitude to the use of quotation connections. Famusov's attitude to serfdom. A.S. Griboedov "Woe from Wit". Essay Chatsky’s attitude to serfdom
The comedy "Woe from Wit" reflects the brewing split in noble society. The change from one century to another, the end of the War of 1812, required landowners to reassess values and change their outlook on public life. In this regard, nobles appear who want to improve the position of Russia by increasing the value of the human personality and civic consciousness. The struggle between two groups of nobles is designated in the play as a clash of the “present century” with the “past century.” In the comedy "Woe from Wit" Chatsky and Famusov are the main opponents.
The Problem of the Mind in Comedy
A.S. Griboyedov wrote about his work: “In my comedy there are 25 fools for one sane person.” By “sensible person” Griboyedov means the main character of the comedy - Alexander Andreevich Chatsky. But in the process of analyzing the work, it becomes clear that Famusov cannot be called a fool. Since Griboedov put his own thoughts and ideals into the image of Chatsky, the author finds himself completely on the side of the protagonist. However, both Chatsky and Famusov have their own truth, which each of the heroes defends. And each of them has their own mind, it’s just that Chatsky’s mind and Famusov’s mind differ in quality.
The mind of a nobleman, adhering to conservative views and ideals, is aimed at protecting his comfort, his warm place from everything new. The new is hostile to the old way of life of the feudal landowners, because it threatens its existence. Famusov adheres to these views.
Chatsky, on the other hand, is the owner of an effective, flexible mind, aimed at building a new world in which the main values will be the honor and dignity of a person, his personality, and not money and position in society.
Values and ideals of Chatsky and Famusov
The views of Chatsky and Famusov differ sharply on all issues related to the nobleman’s way of life. Chatsky is a supporter of education, enlightenment, he himself is “sharp, smart, eloquent,” “writes and translates well.” Famusov and his society, on the contrary, consider excessive “learning” harmful to society and are very afraid of the appearance of people like Chatsky in their midst. The Chatskys threaten Famusov’s Moscow with the loss of its usual comfort and the opportunity to spend life “in feasts and in extravagance.”
The dispute between Chatsky and Famusov also flares up around the attitude of the nobles to the service. Chatsky “does not serve, that is, he does not find any benefit in that.” The main character of the comedy explains it this way: “I would be glad to serve, but being served is sickening.” But conservative noble society is structured in such a way that without “serving” it is impossible to achieve anything. Chatsky wants to serve “the cause, not individuals.”
But Famusov and his supporters have a completely different view on the issue of service.
Famusov’s ideal is his late uncle Maxim Petrovich. He earned the respect of the empress herself because he once behaved like a buffoon at a reception. Having stumbled and fallen, he decided to turn this awkward situation to his advantage: he fell several more times on purpose to make the audience and Empress Catherine laugh. This ability to “curry favor” brought Maxim Petrovich enormous wealth and weight in society.
Chatsky does not accept such ideals; for him this is humiliation. He calls this time an age of “submission and fear” that clamps down on human freedom. The hero’s comparison of the “present century” and the “past century” does not turn out in favor of the latter, because now “everyone breathes more freely and is in no hurry to fit into the regiment of jesters.”
Family values of Chatsky and Famusov
The clash between Famusov and Chatsky also occurs over the divergence of their views on family values. Famusov believes that when creating a family, the presence of love is not at all important. “Whoever is poor is not a match for you,” he tells his daughter. Both in society and in the family, money is at the forefront. Wealth for Famus society is the same as happiness. Personal qualities do not matter either in the world or in the family: “Be bad, but if there are two thousand family souls, that’s the groom.”
Chatsky is a supporter of living feelings, which is why he is terrible for Famusov’s Moscow. This hero puts love above money, education above position in society. Therefore, the conflict between Chatsky and Famusov flares up.
conclusions
A comparative description of Chatsky and Famusov reveals all the meanness and immorality of Famusov and his supporters. But Chatsky’s time in the society described in the comedy “Woe from Wit” has not yet come. The main character is expelled from this environment, declaring him crazy. Chatsky is forced to retreat due to the numerical superiority of the “past century.” But he leaves Moscow not a loser, but a winner. Secular Moscow was frightened by his speeches. His truth is scary for them, it threatens their personal comfort. His truth will prevail, so the replacement of the old with the new is historically natural.
The clash between Famusov and Chatsky is a dispute between two generations, two different worlds. The arguments and causes of the conflict described in this article can be used by 9th grade students when writing an essay on the topic “Characterization of Chatsky and Famusov in the comedy “Woe from Wit””
Work test
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Attitude to the people and serfdom
Be bad, but if you get enough
Two thousand ancestral souls, -
He's the groom. (Famusov)
Aren't you the one to whom I was born from the shrouds?
For some incomprehensible plans,
Did they take the child to bow?
That Nestor of noble scoundrels,
Surrounded by a crowd of servants;
Zealous, they are in the hours of wine and fights
Both honor and life saved him more than once: suddenly
He traded three greyhounds for them!! !
Or that one over there, which is for tricks
He drove to the serf ballet on many wagons
From mothers and fathers of rejected children? !
I myself am immersed in mind in Zephyrs and Cupids,
Made all of Moscow marvel at their beauty!
But the debtors did not agree to a deferment:
Cupids and Zephyrs all
Sold out individually!! ! (Chatsky)
to ideals
Famusov society
1. The deceased was a venerable chamberlain,
With the key, he knew how to deliver the key to his son;
Rich, and married to a rich woman;
Married children, grandchildren;
Died; everyone remembers him sadly.
Kuzma Petrovich! Peace be upon him! -
What kind of aces live and die in Moscow! (Famusov)
2. We would learn by looking at our elders:
We, for example, or the deceased uncle,
Maxim Petrovich: he’s not on silver,
Ate on gold; one hundred people at your service;
All in orders; drove forever in a train:
A century at court, and at what court!
Then it was not the same as now,
He served under the Empress Catherine. (Famusov)
Chatsky
1. Focus your mind on science, hungry for knowledge.
2. 4. Everyone breathes more freely
And he’s in no hurry to fit into the regiment of jesters.
to service
Famusov society
1. Yes! they (the papers) were missing.
Have mercy that this suddenly fell
Diligence in writing! (Famusov)
2. I'm afraid, sir, that I'm the only one who's dead,
So that a multitude of them (cases) do not accumulate;
If you had given it free rein, it would have settled;
And for me, what matters and what doesn’t matter,
My custom is this:
Signed, off your shoulders. (Famusov)
3. And, most importantly, go ahead and serve. (Famusov to Chatsky)
4. Well, really, why would you serve with us in Moscow?
And take awards and have fun?
(Molchalin to Chatsky)
5. But I firmly picked up some new rules.
The rank followed him: he suddenly left the service,
In the village I began to read books.
(Skalozub about his cousin)
6. I am quite happy in my comrades,
Vacancies are currently open:
Then the elders will turn off others,
The others, you see, have been killed.
(Skalozub about the reasons for his rapid promotion)
7. As I work and force,
Since I've been listed in the Archives,
Received three awards. (Molchalin)
8. My father bequeathed to me:
First, please all people without exception -
The owner, where he will live,
The boss with whom I will serve,
To his servant who cleans dresses,
Doorman, janitor, to avoid evil,
To the janitor's dog, so that it is affectionate.
Chatsky
1. I would be glad to serve, but being served is sickening.
2. Who serves the cause, not individuals...
3. Does not serve, that is, he does not find any benefit in it,
But if you wanted to, it would be businesslike.
It's a pity, it's a pity, he's small in head,
And he writes and translates well.
(Famusov about Chatsky)
4. When in business, I hide from fun,
When I'm fooling around, I'm fooling around;
And to mix these two crafts
There are many masters, I am not one of them.
(Chatsky to Molchalin about his attitude to business and entertainment)
foreigners and foreign
1. And here from all sides
Longing, and groaning, and groaning.
Oh! France! There is no better region in the world! -
The two princesses, sisters, decided, repeating
A lesson that was taught to them from childhood.
Where can one go from the princesses?
(Chatsky about the attitude of representatives of Famus society towards foreigners of the younger generation)
2. And all the Kuznetsky Bridge, and the eternal French,
From there fashion comes to us, both authors and muses:
Destroyers of pockets and hearts!
When the creator will deliver us
From their hats! caps! and stilettos! and pins!
And book and biscuit shops! . (Famusov)
Chatsky
1. As we have been accustomed to believe since early times,
That without the Germans we have no salvation!
2. Ah! if we are born to adopt everything,
At least we could borrow some from the Chinese
Their ignorance of foreigners is wise.
Will we ever be resurrected from the alien power of fashion?
So that our smart, cheerful people
Although, based on our language, he didn’t consider us Germans.
The famous moral and social play in verse “Woe from Wit” by A.S. Griboyedov became an original, highly artistic and socially significant work of the first quarter of the 19th century. The author worked on the main work of his life for several years and depicted in it images and real types of people of that era.
Conflict
In the work “Woe from Wit” the plot is based on two conflicts: the first is a love conflict, in which main character Chatsky and Sophia, the second is socio-ideological, where again it cannot do without Chatsky, the owner himself (Famusov) and his guests, who defend outdated conservative views.
Getting to the topic “Famusov’s attitude to serfdom,” let’s first figure out what kind of person he is, what his priority is. Chatsky will become the main accuser of such pillars of noble society as Famusov, convinced serf owners who are ready to send their serf servants to Siberia for any mistake.
Famusov's image
Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov is the central figure of the play. Turning to the topic “Famusov’s attitude to serfdom,” it should be noted that he is a prominent representative of conservatives who adhere to the philosophical teachings of their ancestors. He calls them “fathers,” in turn, these are people who occupy high government positions and are wealthy landowners. They always advocate the preservation of autocracy and serfdom. They were never interested in issues of education and freedom. The image of Famusov is a collective image that represents the ruling class that has power over others.
State man
Famusov himself is also not a poor man and has a fairly high rank of “government manager.” The success and career advancement of many people largely depends on it. He distributes awards and ranks, draws up patronages for young officials and pensions for retirees. It is quite understandable that people like Famusov will fight to the last to maintain their status and privileges. This hero praises Moscow traditions and morals. He believes that in everything we need to rely on the experience of our “fathers” and learn from the older generation.
Famusov’s quotes contain the meaning of “that there is honor between father and son,” even if he is poor, but if he has a couple of thousand serfs, then he will be considered worthy as a groom.
Excessive intelligence is a vice
Famusov, in his life beliefs, calls progressive young free-thinking a vice. He believes that this comes from an excess of intelligence and learning. He has a down-to-earth and worldly idea of the mind. According to his reasoning, the smart one is the one who was able to get a good job and make a career for himself at the expense of his patrons. For him, scholarship is the same as freethinking; in it he sees a huge danger for the entire society and the state. Famusov’s quotes in this case are simply amazing: “if evil is to be stopped, all the books would be taken away and burned.”
Attitude to service
IN main topic- this is a service, here everyone dreams of rank and wealth. Famusov treats people like Colonel Skalozub with deep respect. Chatsky, who abandoned his service, considers him a “lost” person, “although if he wanted to, he would be businesslike,” Famusov notes about him. However, the landowner himself treats his duties very disdainfully, “signed, off your shoulders.”
Famusov's attitude towards serfdom
Famusov is a Russian landowner of the 19th century, for whom owning serfs seems the most natural thing. Chatsky, on the contrary, speaks sharply about serfdom and denounces its supporters in every possible way. He never accepts the fact that serfs can be exchanged for purebred puppies. Chatsky opposes the oppression of the people, he is for freedom and equality between people. The landowners live and feast at the expense of their slaves, so “they themselves are fat, and their lackeys are skinny.”
If we expand further on the topic “Famusov’s attitude to serfdom,” then Famusov’s image represents a tough, reactionary-minded bureaucracy, which was the stronghold of the tsarist autocracy. By exposing the reactionary nature of Famusov's society, Griboyedov wanted to show where the dominance of these people leads, how they influence the life of the ordinary Russian people.
