1823-1827

Kozlov Ivan Ivanovich (1779/1840) - Russian poet and translator. Kozlov’s work includes lyrical poems and romantic poems: (the best known are the poems “Chernets”, 1825, and “Princess Natalya Borisovna Dolgorukaya”, 1824/1827). T. Moore's translated poem "Evening Bells" (1828) became a folk song. In addition, “Romance” (1823), “Venetian Night” (1825), and “Portuguese Song” (1828) were set to music.

Guryeva T.N. New literary dictionary / T.N. Guryev. – Rostov n/d, Phoenix, 2009, p. 130-131.

Russian poet

Kozlov Ivan Ivanovich (04/11/1779-01/30/1840), Russian poet, translator. Born in Moscow, into a noble family. Having received a home education, he served for three years in the Izmailovsky Life Guards Regiment, and then retired and entered the civil service. All this time he led an absent-minded social life, without thinking about literature. Life changed dramatically when in 1819 Kozlov began to lose his sight, and by 1821 he was completely blind.

“Misfortune made him a poet,” wrote Kozlov’s literary mentor V. A. Zhukovsky. Not only the need for creativity, but also dire need forced me to take up poetry and translations; the inheritance was spent, literary earnings became the only means of subsistence. To Italian and French, which he knew since childhood, Kozlov adds German and English and begins to translate very successfully.

T. Moore's poem “Evening Bells” (1827), in his translation, becomes a classic of Russian folk song. Kozlov's original poetry also enjoyed considerable success. His romantic poem “Chernets” (1825) is enthusiastically received by the reader and highly appreciated A. S. Pushkin.

Kozlov’s poems are published in almost all magazines and almanacs. Orthodox humility, sincerity and naive simplicity, musicality and culture of verse attract the reader in the romantic poet.

Kozlov, Ivan Ivanovich - Russian poet, translator. He came from a noble noble family. He served in the guard, and from 1798 in the civil service. In 1821, after a long illness (paralysis and blindness), K. took up literary creativity. K.’s first poem “To Svetlana” was published in 1821. K.'s passion for literature led him to a close acquaintance with A.S. Pushkin, V.A. Zhukovsky, P.A. Vyazemsky and the Decembrist Turgenev brothers. In 1824 he was elected a member of the Free Society of Lovers of Russian Literature. Already in the early poems (a message to “friend V.A. Zhukovsky”), K.’s characteristic tendencies appeared: the desire for earthly happiness and “hope for a better life beyond the grave” (Belinsky). The translation of T. Moore's poem "Evening Bells" became a popular Russian song. K.'s translations are mostly free adaptations. K. is a subtle elegiac and lyricist who amazed his contemporaries with “wonderful songs” (Pushkin), “musical heartfelt sounds” (Gogol), and the lightness of verse.

Poet and translator

Brief literary encyclopedia in 9 volumes.

KOZLOV Ivan Ivanovich (1779-1840). In 1821, Kozlov’s first poem “To Svetlana,” dedicated to V. A. Zhukovsky’s niece A. A. Voeikova, was published on the pages of the magazine “Son of the Fatherland.” The beginning of the poet's literary activity coincided with the tragedy that befell him: he was paralyzed and blind.

In the post-lyceum years, Pushkin, apparently, met with Kozlov in the literary circles of St. Petersburg - with V. A. Zhukovsky, P. A. Vyazemsky, and the Turgenev brothers. Direct evidence of these meetings in 1817 - 1820 has not survived, but the very tone of their subsequent correspondence speaks of a personal acquaintance. “Forgive me if I allow myself to talk to you as if you were an old friend,” Kozlov wrote to Pushkin in May 1825. At the same time, in May 1825, Kozlov sent Pushkin his poem “Chernets” with the inscription: “To dear Alexander Sergeevich from the author.” Pushkin was delighted with this gift and wrote to his brother: “The blind poet’s signature touched me beyond words. His story is delightful."

Pushkin responded to Kozlov with heartfelt verses:

Singer, when in front of you
The earthly world hid in the darkness,
Instantly your genius woke up,
Looked at everything past
And in the choir of bright ghosts
He sang wonderful songs.
Oh dear brother, what sounds!
In tears of delight I listen to them:
With your heavenly singing
He put to sleep the torments of earth.

The blind poet thanked Pushkin for his “lovely poems” and wished happiness to his fellow writer. In turn, he dedicated the poems “Byron” and “To the Sea” to Pushkin.

The tragic fate of Kozlov attracted the sympathy of the most remarkable people of that time. His house was visited in the 1830s by Pushkin, P. A. Vyazemsky, I. A. Krylov, E. A. Baratynsky, M. I. Glinka, A. Mitskevich and later M. Yu. Lermontov. At the end of 1836, at an evening with Kozlov, Pushkin expressed his thoughts about the “future of Russian opera.”

Many of I. I. Kozlov’s poems were set to music and became songs and romances. One of these poems by a blind poet is “Evening Bells,” written in 1827.

L.A. Chereisky. Contemporaries of Pushkin. Documentary essays. M., 1999, p. 266-267.

Kozlov Ivan Ivanovich (04/11/1779-01/30/1840), poet, translator. Born in Moscow. He came from a noble noble family.

Kozlov's translations are mostly free adaptations. Kozlov is a subtle elegiac and lyricist who amazed his contemporaries with “wonderful songs” (Pushkin), “musical-heartfelt sounds” (Gogol), and the lightness of verse. Some of his poems became famous songs and romances (“The Swimmer”, “The Drum Did Not Beat Before the Troubled Regiment”, “Anxious Thoughts”, “Venetian Night”). Kozlov's poems are characterized by the severity of dramatic situations; His lyrics are characterized by the authenticity of the lyrical hero’s experiences and the brightness of his visual images.

Used materials from the site Great Encyclopedia of the Russian People - http://www.rusinst.ru

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Victor Bochenkov. I still believe in love. (The author of “Evening Bells” wrote while blind and bedridden).

Essays:

Complete collection of poems, L., 1960;

Diary. Introductory note by K.Ya. Grot, “Antiquity and Novelty”, 1906, No. 11.

Literature:

Gogol N.V., On Kozlov’s poetry, Complete collected works, vol. 8, M.-L., 1952;

Belinsky V.G., Collected poems by I. Kozlov, Complete collected works, vol. 5, M., 1954;

Gudziy N.K., I.I. Kozlov – translator of Mitskevich, “News of the Tauride Scientific Archival Commission”, 1920, No. 57;

History of Russian literature of the 19th century. Bibliographic index, under. ed. K.D. Muratova, M.-L., 1962.

Ivan Ivanovich Kozlov is a Russian poet and translator. His works are not known to all readers, although the plots of the poems are interesting and mysterious, as is his biography.

Origin of the poet

Ivan Ivanovich Kozlov was born on April eleventh, 1779 in Moscow. His family was not only noble, but also ancient. Ivan Ivanovich on his father's side was the grandson of a senator. By the way, the poet’s father, Ivan Ivanovich, served as a state councilor at court. Mother, Anna Apollonovna, in her maiden name bore the surname Khomutova and was the aunt of the famous Cossack chieftain.

Despite the fact that Ivan Kozlov was raised by his mother, and he received his education in science at home, the poet was a well-rounded personality, and all his contemporaries noted his excellent education.

Military service

The future poet Ivan Ivanovich Kozlov, barely five years old, was enlisted in military service. In October 1784, he had the rank of sergeant of the famous Izmailovsky regiment, where only wealthy nobles were enrolled. And already in February 1795, when the young poet was sixteen years old, he was transferred to a new rank - ensign.

Then there was service in the Life Guards, which lasted three years. After this, the poet Ivan Ivanovich Kozlov deservedly retired.

Civil service

In 1798, the poet Ivan Ivanovich Kozlov entered the post of provincial secretary. But after a few months, having proven himself worthily, he was transferred to collegiate assessors and even for special successes was enrolled in the office of Pyotr Lopukhin. A year later, service in the heraldry followed.

Eight years later, a new appointment came: Ivan Kozlov was transferred to the office of Commander-in-Chief Tutolmin, which was located in the capital. And soon in a new place, showing diligence and unusual education, the poet was able to receive the rank of court councilor.

The War of 1812 brought many changes to the life of Ivan Ivanovich. So, for several months he has been working on a committee whose goal is to assemble and create a powerful Moscow military force, as well as prepare it for hostilities with Napoleon.

But three days before Napoleon was supposed to enter the capital, Ivan Kozlov and his other fellow officials were fired. Realizing that he needs to save his family, he leaves Moscow and goes to his mother’s relatives in Rybinsk. But even after the end of the war with the French, he did not return to Moscow.

Now he chooses St. Petersburg as his place of residence for himself and his family. Soon Ivan Ivanovich receives an appointment to the service. At the end of July 1813, the talented poet Ivan Kozlov began serving in the state Department of Property, where he was appointed to the position of assistant mayor. And already in October 1814 he received a new rank - collegiate official. But an unexpected illness deprived him of the opportunity to further build his public career.

Literary activity

Ivan Ivanovich Kozlov, whose poems are expressive and beautiful, unexpectedly fell ill in 1818. Paralysis deprives him of the ability to move, and the poet ceases public service. But he does not want to give up and decides to devote himself to literary work. But by the end of 1819 he gradually began to go blind and completely lost his sight in 1821.

Ivan Ivanovich begins to work diligently on translations. He knew many languages, including French, German, Italian, English and others. He translates the best literary works into these languages. He starts with works and the first work that appeared in print was Zhukovsky’s poem “Svetlana”. And soon his own poems appeared: “To Svetlana”, “Chernets”, “To the Poet Zhukovsky”.

The poet was personally acquainted with Vasily Zhukovsky, Alexander Pushkin, Ivan Turgenev and other outstanding educated people of that time.

Ivan Kozlov's poems are popular, and fame finally comes to the ill poet. Contemporaries recalled that Ivan Ivanovich, despite the fact that he was in a wheelchair, always behaved courageously and openly. Everyone around him noted: the poet dressed, despite the fact that he was blind and practically motionless, always elegantly and fashionably.

But contemporaries especially noted conversations with him, since he always spoke in such a way that one wanted to listen to him without interrupting, holding his breath and admiring every word. In addition, he beautifully and expressively read poems by European poets. And no one could guess, looking at this man inspired by poetry, that at night he was tormented by severe and constant pain.

Personal life

Ivan Ivanovich Kozlov, whose biography is interesting and eventful, got married in 1809. His wife was Sofya Andreevna Davydova, who was the daughter of a foreman. In this marriage, the talented poet has two children: a son and a daughter. Nothing is known about the fate of Ivan and Alexandra.

Died famous poet nineteenth century Ivan Ivanovich Kozlov on the thirtieth of January 1840.

Kozlov Ivan Ivanovich (1779-1840) - poet and translator, was born in Moscow, into a noble noble family, in which the eldest son was always called Ivan. Home teachers gave Kozlov an excellent education; he knew French and Italian perfectly. From the age of 16, Kozlov served in the Life Guards of the Izmailovsky Regiment. He was good-looking, distinguished by elegant manners, led a social life and “was considered the best gentleman at balls,” fell in love, was disappointed. At the same time, he was seriously interested in literature, read a lot, treated Karamzin with respect, and was friends with Zhukovsky. He made a successful career in the civil service and did not think of becoming a poet. In 1809 he married the beautiful Sofya Andreevna Davydova. A happy family life distracted him from creativity for some time.

I.I. Kozlov did not remain indifferent to Patriotic War 1812. He served in the Office of the Moscow Commander-in-Chief, took part in equipping the people's militia, and was an active participant and organizer of the defense of Moscow. During a fire in Moscow, Kozlov’s house and property burned down. He and his family moved to St. Petersburg and began serving in the Department of State Property. In St. Petersburg, Kozlov found himself at the center of literary and social life. He met young A.S. Pushkin, whom he loved very much and subsequently learned a lot from him, with the future Decembrists K. Ryleev, Nikita Muravyov and V. Kuchelbecker. Nikolai Turgenev (ideologist of the secret Decembrist society) became his close friend.

In 1816 I.I. Kozlov fell ill, began to lose his sight, by 1821 he was completely blind, paralyzed, and could not move, but he did not lose his sense of self-control. He began translating and writing poetry. Kozlova was also driven to literary work by necessity, since her inherited fortune had been spent. He bore his misfortune bravely. During the years of illness he learned English and German languages, became an expert in world poetry, began translating and writing poetry. In 1819 he translated into French Byron’s poem “The Bride of Abydos”, wrote the first poem-message “To Svetlana”, dedicated to V.A.’s niece. Zhukovsky. The poem was noticed in literary circles. In 1822 he wrote a poem-message “To friend V.A. J. upon his return from the trip.” In 1824, Kozlov’s poem “Chernets” was published, which enjoyed extraordinary popularity. The poem was highly appreciated by contemporaries - E.A. Baratynsky, P.A. Vyazemsky, and A.S. Pushkin responded to the poem with the poem “To Kozlov” (1825).

Kozlov is a romantic poet, student and follower of V.A. Zhukovsky. He owns his own and translated poems, in which there is grief over lost happiness, comprehension of one’s fate, “hope for a better life beyond the grave.” His poems are soulful and musical. F. Alyabyev, A. Gurilev, M. Glinka, A. Dargomyzhsky and others wrote music to Kozlov’s poems. Kozlov tried himself in different genres (elegy, folk songs, ballads, patriotic poems, etc.). Kozlov's works conveyed to the reader the secret of the heart. “Kozlov is a poet of feeling, just like Baratynsky is a poet of thought,” noted V.G. Belinsky. I. Kozlov’s poem “Stanzas” (“Yesterday in the forest, sadly carried away, / sat alone and was broken-hearted”) is considered a masterpiece of Russian philosophical poetry.

Ivan Ivanovich Kozlov died in 1840 in St. Petersburg. He was buried in the cemetery in the Alexander Nevsky Lavra.

Ivan Ivanovich Kozlov (September 1, 1936, Irkutsk, RSFSR, USSR) - historian, poet, prose writer.

Encyclopedic reference

He graduated from art school, then from the history department by correspondence. Author of numerous works on the history and artistic culture of the region.

Curriculum Vitae

Ivan Ivanovich Kozlov was born on September 1, 1936 in Irkutsk. He is a well-known person in cultural circles. The author of a dozen books about the history of Siberia and Irkutsk, he devoted many articles and studies to this topic and research work. Member of the Russian Writers' Union, poet, inventor, encyclopedically educated, versatile, thorough person, incredibly interesting conversationalist. A third-generation Irkutsk resident, he is recent years lives and works in . He is a frequent guest at various historical, local history and literary events of the Shelekhov Central Library, a regular author and interlocutor on the pages of the Shelekhovsky Vestnik newspaper. Working in the archives to study the history of my family, I found out a lot interesting facts: Siberian in the ninth generation on his mother’s side. And his genealogy comes from a person famous in the times of the Mongols in Transbaikalia - Vasily Fedorovich Plyaskin. The founder was a very capricious, indomitable, eccentric person. The Mongols suffered constant troubles from him and therefore were forced to steal him. Fortunately, says Ivan Ivanovich, he did not come out with the character of his ancestor. Ivan Ivanovich, a man who came to the realization very early that human life is a short moment on the scale of the Universe. For many years he searched for an answer to the question of the meaning of human existence on Earth. I studied Chinese philosophy, ancient Greek, and read countless amounts of fiction. All this cognitive diversity has served as a basis for diversified activities in the present, including in literary creativity. He has been writing poetry since his youth. Published in "Soviet Youth", where the famous Irkutsk poet Elena Zhilkina was a literary consultant. Participated in the creation of 16 museums in the Irkutsk region, including the museum of Irkutsk. For the last twenty years he has been directing the private scientific research center “Ecosphere Baikal”. The Center earns funds for its research itself. The main secret of successful creative activity as this multi-faceted man puts it: “If I start to become interested in a topic, I study it thoroughly.” Soon, Ivan Ivanovich will introduce his readers to a new book: “My Museums,” which will not leave anyone indifferent to the problem of creating museums and much more.

Material provided by RMKUK “Shelekhov Intersettlement Central Library”

Essays

1. The bells don't stop ringing. - Irkutsk, 1979.
2. Guide to Irkutsk. - Irkutsk, 1982.
3. The longest winter. - Irkutsk, 1985.

Russian poet, translator. In 1821 he became blind. Lyric poems, romantic poem"Chernets" (1825). The poem "Evening Bells" (1828, translation of the poem by T. Moore) became a folk song.

Born in Moscow on April 11, 1779. His father was Secretary of State of Catherine II, his mother was from the old Khomutov family. At the age of 5, the boy was enrolled as a sergeant in the Izmailovsky Life Guards Regiment and in 1795 he was promoted to ensign. Served in the office of the Moscow commander-in-chief; in 1812 he worked on the committee for the formation of the Moscow militia, then joined the service in the department of state property. In 1818, his legs became paralyzed and his eyesight began to deteriorate; in 1821 he became completely blind. According to the testimony of his friend, Zhukovsky, he “endured his disastrous fate with amazing patience and Divine Providence , who sent him a difficult test, gave him at the same time great joy: having struck him with an illness that separated him forever from the outside world and with all its joys, which change us so much, he opened to his darkened gaze the entire inner, diverse and unchanging world of poetry, illuminated by faith, purified by suffering." Knowing French and Italian from childhood, Kozlov now studied English, German and Polish. He had a phenomenal memory, which developed even more strongly during his illness: "he knew by heart, says Zhukovsky, all of Byron, all the poems of Walter Scott, the best passages from Shakespeare just as before - all Racine, Tassa and the main passages from Dante": he knew the entire Gospel by heart. His life was divided "between religion and poetry." "Everything that was done in light, his participation excited him, and he often cared about the outside world with some kind of childish curiosity." Kozlov was also consoled by the attention with which the luminaries of poetry of that time, starting with Pushkin, treated him. He appeared in print in 1821 with the poem “To Svetlana”; then followed a whole series of large and small works, which he usually dictated to his daughter. In 1824 his “Chernets” appeared, in 1826 “The Bride of Abydos” by Byron, in 1828 “Princess Natalia Borisovna Dolgorukaya” and a book of “Poems”, in 1829 “Crimean Sonnets” by Mickiewicz and an imitation of Burns: “Rural Saturday evening in Scotland", in 1830 "Mad". Kozlov died on January 30, 1840. His grave is at the Tikhvin cemetery of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra, next to Zhukovsky’s grave. Kozlov is not as close to anyone in literature as to Zhukovsky, but he was not a slavish imitator: what Zhukovsky has as the basis of poetry, Kozlov has only its tone; Zhukovsky is mainly devoted to Schiller and Goethe, Kozlov's soul lies in English poetry. As a translator, Kozlov occupied a prominent place in our literature. Many critics see in it the first manifestation of Russian Byronism. But it is unlikely that his “Chernets,” over the pages of which his contemporaries and especially his contemporaries shed tears, to which even Pushkin listened “in tears of delight,” can be called a reflection of Byron’s poetry. There is no gloomy and formidable titanism of Byron's heroes here: Kozlov's hero kept “crying and praying,” and his crime, which he atones for sincere repentance, could not cause punishment from a humane court. The rest of Kozlov’s poems rather reflected sentimentalism, which society has not yet overcome. True, Kozlov translated a lot from Byron; but the very nature of the translated passages indicates that the basis of Byron’s poetry was alien to Kozlov, and the translations, moreover, are very far from the original. Kozlov's heart lay towards English idylls, like Wordsworth, and melancholic elegics, like Moore or Milgua. In this spirit, he chose poems by other poets: Lamartine, Chenier, Manzoni, Petrarch, etc. Among these translations there are several exemplary ones, which are known to everyone from anthologies, for example, “Evening Bells” by Moore, “We Are Seven” by Wordsworth, “Young prisoner" by Chenier, "Yaroslavna's Lament" from "The Tale of Igor's Campaign". Despite his blindness, Kozlov had a keen sense of nature, especially those moments when its life is devoid of tension. Kozlov’s best poem, “Venetian Night,” conveys this mood. That he generally understood the beauty of nature is evident from the excellent translation of Mickiewicz’s Crimean sonnets. Kozlov's works were published in 1833, 1840, 1855; the most complete collection of Kozlov's works has been published, edited by Ars. I. Vvedensky, in 1892.