Zhukovsky "Svetlana". Literature lesson on the topic “Once on Epiphany evening the girls wondered…” Reflection of the life of the Russian people in the ballad by V.A. Zhukovsky "Svetlana" Introduction, conclusion, denouement in the ballad Svetlana

Prepare a short (plot) retelling of the ballad, defining the plot, climax, and denouement.

At Christmastide, “on Epiphany evening,” as was customary, the girls tried to guess their fate through various fortune-telling, which Zhukovsky lists at the beginning of the ballad. Svetlana, bored in separation from her fiancé, was also advised to try her luck. This is an exposition of a ballad. Svetlana chooses one of the most terrible fortune telling - with mirrors. The appearance of the groom and his invitation to go to church to get married is the beginning. The action develops rapidly. The horses are flying fast, there is a blizzard all around, and there is steppe desolation all around. The pale and despondent groom is silent. The horses rushed past the church in which a memorial service was being held for the deceased. Everything portends trouble. “The raven croaks: sadness!” The horses approached the hut under the snow. Everything disappeared: the horses, the sleigh, the groom. Lonely Svetlana entered the hut with a prayer and saw a coffin covered with a white blanket. A dove fawns over her. But then the dead man in the coffin began to stir. The climax of the ballad comes - Svetlana recognizes her fiancé in the dead man, and awakening occurs. Svetlana believes that the dream portends bad things. However, a happy ending is approaching: the groom joyfully arrives.

The same love is in his eyes, the same pleasant glances; The same conversations on Mila’s sweet lips. Open up, God's temple; You fly to heaven, Faithful vows.

The ballad ends with some morality, the author’s instruction in the spirit of the Orthodox worldview - not to believe in dreams and fortune-telling, but to believe in the Providence of God. Here are my sense of ballads:

Remember the description of girls' fortune telling on Epiphany evening. Which of them do you particularly remember?

At the beginning of the ballad, Zhukovsky gives a detailed picture of folk fortune-telling, which girls resorted to during Christmastide in order to find out their fate, mainly related to future marriage. They threw the shoes they had taken off their feet, listened under the window, fed the chickens with counting grain, and told fortunes with wax. But the most important and terrible fortune telling is waiting for the groom in front of mirrors and candles. According to descriptions in the research literature, for example in Sakharov’s book “Tales of the Russian People,” this fortune telling occurs like this. A table for two persons is set in a dark room. It is located between two mirrors facing each other, with a candle lit in front of each of them. The girl should be alone in the room and sit opposite the mirror. Another mirror is behind her. She waits a long time for the arrival of her fiancé. If he doesn't come, it means she's destined to remain unmarried this year. If there is a wedding coming up, then her husband will be the person who appears in the mirror. According to popular beliefs, something terrible can happen, like what happened to Svetlana or Lyudmila. Experienced people advised young fortune tellers not to wait for events to develop (they can be very tragic), but, when they see their betrothed, to cover the mirror with a handkerchief and stop further testing fate.

Try to tell about the heroine of the ballad - Svetlana, about her friends, her fiance. Which of these stories turned out to be more thorough and detailed? Why?

The most detailed story can be about Svetlana, since the ballad conveys her experiences, expectations and adventures. She is the heroine of the work. Svetlana is a highly moral and deeply religious person. She never once betrayed her faith in God: neither during separation from her fiancé, nor during the terrible race. Entering an unknown hut, she crossed herself, sat down under the holy images, and this saved her from Lyudmila’s terrible fate.

The friends are just a background for the development of the plot; they listen to Svetlana’s complaints and advise her to resort to fortune-telling. We know about the groom that he is stately, affectionate, loves Svetlana, did not forget her in separation, expresses love with pleasant speeches.

Describe the pictures of the winter landscape in the ballad. Which lines correspond to the mood and state of the heroine?

In the ballad, Svetlana’s dream depicts a winter blizzard night illuminated by moonlight; There is emptiness and deep snow around the galloping sleigh drawn by horses. This winter landscape is gloomy, it evokes Svetlana’s anxious mood. And even the temple standing to the side reinforces the feeling of darkness and anxiety: from its doors comes the funeral service, there is a coffin there and the words of the memorial service “Be taken by the grave” are heard. After Svetlana awakens, nature already celebrates the victory of good over evil, happiness over misfortune, evening, night and the moon give way to morning, afternoon, and sun.

What artistic devices (comparisons, epithets, metaphors) are most often used in a ballad?

Among the artistic means, bright epithets should be noted: bitter fate, red light, dead silence, dead sleep, plank gates, black corvid, greyhound horses, menacing dream, sweet lips, etc. They are of folklore origin and fit well in folk ballad style. Metaphors and hyperboles are also actively used in them. Material from the site

How can one explain the dancing character of the sound of the verse? What poetic meter does the poet use?

Christmastide is a festive week from Christmas to Epiphany, filled with various folk festivities and entertainment. The happy ending of the ballad also puts us in a festive mood.

Hence the choice of the style of the work, its dance sound, which corresponds to the festive mood of the people. The poetic meter is trochee.

Look at Zhukovsky's drawings. What about them resembles the landscapes of a ballad?

Reference. Everyone chooses a drawing to answer this question according to their own discretion. You can use the book “Drawings of Russian Writers”.

Find lines in the ballad filled with playfulness and fun. How do you explain their appearance in the ballad?

The first lines are taken from wedding folklore; the second is one of the ending options folk tales like “I drank honey, it ran down my mustache, but it didn’t get into my mouth.” Or “A fairy tale is a lie, but there is a hint in it.”

Didn't find what you were looking for? Use the search

On this page there is material on the following topics:

tests literature Svetlana Zhukovsky
Svetlana Zhukovsky's dream analysis
ballad Svetlana composition
why is Svetlana a ballad
essay review Svetlana

Prepare a short (plot) retelling of the ballad, defining the plot, climax, and denouement.

At Christmas time, “on Epiphany evening,” as was customary, the girls tried to guess their fate through various fortune-telling, which Zhukovsky lists at the beginning of the ballad. Svetlana, bored in separation from her fiancé, was also advised to try her luck. This is an exposition of a ballad. Svetlana chooses one of the most terrible fortune telling - with mirrors. The appearance of the groom and his invitation to go to church to get married is the beginning. The action develops rapidly. The horses are flying fast, there is a blizzard all around, there is steppe emptiness all around. The pale and despondent groom is silent. The horses rushed past the church in which a memorial service was being held for the deceased. Everything portends trouble. "The raven croaks: sadness!" The horses approached the hut under the snow. Everything disappeared: the horses, the sleigh, the groom. Lonely Svetlana entered the hut with a prayer and saw a coffin covered with a white blanket. A dove fawns over her. But then the dead man in the coffin began to stir. The climax of the ballad comes - Svetlana recognizes her fiancé in the dead man, and awakening occurs. Svetlana believes that the dream portends bad things. However, a happy ending is approaching: the groom joyfully arrives.

The same love is in his eyes, The same pleasant glances; The same sweet conversations on his sweet lips. Open, God's temple; You fly to heaven, Faithful vows.

The ballad ends with some morality, the author's instruction in the spirit of the Orthodox worldview - not to believe in dreams and fortune-telling, but to believe in the Providence of God. Here are my sense of ballads:

“Our best friend in this life is Faith in Providence. The good of the Creator is the law: Here misfortune is a false dream; Happiness is awakening.” Remember the description of girls' fortune telling on Epiphany evening. Which ones do you particularly remember?

At the beginning of the ballad, Zhukovsky gives a detailed picture of folk fortune-telling, which girls resorted to at Christmas time in order to find out their fate, mainly related to future marriage. They threw the shoes they had taken off their feet, listened under the window, fed the chickens with counting grain, and told fortunes with wax. But the most important and terrible fortune telling is waiting for the groom in front of mirrors and candles. According to descriptions in research literature, for example in Sakharov’s book “Tales of the Russian People,” this fortune telling occurs like this. A table for two persons is set in a dark room. It is located between two mirrors facing each other, with a candle lit in front of each of them. The girl should be alone in the room and sit opposite the mirror. Another mirror is behind her. She waits a long time for the groom to arrive. If he doesn't come, it means she's destined to remain unmarried this year. If there is a wedding coming up, then her husband will be the person who appears in the mirror. According to popular beliefs, something terrible can happen, like what happened to Svetlana or Lyudmila. Experienced people advised young fortune tellers not to wait for events to develop (they can be very tragic), but, when they see their betrothed, to cover the mirror with a scarf and stop further testing fate.

Try to tell about the heroine of the ballad - Svetlana, about her friends, her fiance. Which of these stories turned out to be more thorough and detailed? Why?

The most detailed story can be about Svetlana, since the ballad conveys her experiences, expectations and adventures. She is the heroine of the work. Svetlana is a highly moral and deeply religious person. She never once betrayed her faith in God: neither during her separation from her fiancé, nor during the terrible race. Entering an unknown hut, she crossed herself, sat down under the holy images, and this saved her from Lyudmila’s terrible fate.

The friends are just a background for the development of the plot; they listen to Svetlana’s complaints and advise her to resort to fortune telling. We know about the groom that he is stately, affectionate, loves Svetlana, has not forgotten her in separation, and expresses his love with pleasant speeches.

Describe the pictures of the winter landscape in the ballad. Which lines correspond to the mood and state of the heroine?

In the ballad, Svetlana's dream depicts a winter blizzard night illuminated by moonlight; There is emptiness and deep snow around the galloping sleigh drawn by horses. This winter landscape is gloomy, it causes Svetlana to be in an anxious mood. And even the temple standing to the side enhances the feeling of darkness and anxiety: a funeral service can be heard from its doors, there is a coffin there and the words of the memorial service “Be taken by the grave” are heard. After Svetlana awakens, nature is already celebrating the victory of good over evil, happiness over misfortune, evening, night and the moon are replaced by morning, afternoon, and sun.

What artistic devices (comparisons, epithets, metaphors) are most often used in ballads?

Among the artistic means, bright epithets should be noted: bitter fate, red light, dead silence, dead sleep, plank gates, black corvid, greyhound horses, menacing dream, sweet lips, etc. They are of folklore origin and fit well into the folk style of ballads. Metaphors and hyperboles are also actively used in them.

How can one explain the dancelike nature of the sound of the verse? What meter does the poet use?

Christmastide is a festive week from Christmas to Epiphany, filled with various folk festivities and entertainment. The happy ending of the ballad also puts us in a festive mood.

Hence the choice of the style of the work, its dance sound, which corresponds to the festive mood of the people. The poetic meter is trochee.

Look at Zhukovsky's drawings. What about them resembles the landscapes of a ballad?

Reference. Everyone chooses a drawing to answer this question at their own discretion. You can use the book "Drawings of Russian Writers".

Find lines in the ballad that are full of playfulness and fun. How do you explain their appearance in the ballad? Gather together, old and young; Having moved the bells of the cup, sing in harmony: many years! Or there are great miracles in it, I have very few in stock.

The first lines are taken from wedding folklore; the second is one of the ending options for folk tales like “I drank honey, it flowed down my mustache, but it didn’t get into my mouth.” Or “A fairy tale is a lie, but there is a hint in it.”

Prepare a short (plot) retelling of the ballad, defining the plot, climax, and denouement.

The same love is in his eyes, the same pleasant glances; The same conversations on Mila’s sweet lips. Open up, God's temple; You fly to heaven, Faithful vows.

Remember the description of girls' fortune telling on Epiphany evening. Which of them do you particularly remember?

Try to tell about the heroine of the ballad - Svetlana, about her friends, her fiance. Which of these stories turned out to be more thorough and detailed? Why?

Describe the pictures of the winter landscape in the ballad. Which lines correspond to the mood and state of the heroine?

What artistic devices (comparisons, epithets, metaphors) are most often used in a ballad?

How can one explain the dancing character of the sound of the verse? What poetic meter does the poet use?

Christmastide is a festive week from Christmas to Epiphany, filled with various folk festivities and entertainment. The happy ending of the ballad also puts us in a festive mood.

Hence the choice of the style of the work, its dance sound, which corresponds to the festive mood of the people. The poetic meter is trochee.

Look at Zhukovsky's drawings. What about them resembles the landscapes of a ballad?

Reference. Everyone chooses a drawing to answer this question according to their own discretion. You can use the book “Drawings of Russian Writers”.

Find lines in the ballad filled with playfulness and fun. How do you explain their appearance in the ballad?

The first lines are taken from wedding folklore; the second is one of the endings to folk tales like “I drank honey, it flowed down my mustache, but it didn’t get into my mouth.” Or “A fairy tale is a lie, but there is a hint in it.”

Didn't find what you were looking for? Use the search

On this page there is material on the following topics:

tests literature Svetlana Zhukovsky
Svetlana Zhukovsky's dream analysis
ballad Svetlana composition
why is Svetlana a ballad
essay review Svetlana

Once on Epiphany evening

The girls were wondering...

(Reflection of the life of the Russian people in V.A. Zhukovsky’s ballad “Svetlana.”)

· Acquaintance with the features of the ballad genre;

· Reading and analysis of the ballad “Svetlana”; how the life of the Russian people is reflected in this ballad;

· Fostering respect for the traditions of one’s people.

Today in the lesson we will continue to study the work of V.A. Zhukovsky, we will get acquainted with the features of the ballad genre, with the ballad “Svetlana”.

Write down the date and topic of the lesson.

I. Literary theory (ballad).

1. What is a ballad?

Ballad (Provence Ballar - to dance) is a lyric epic poem with a historical, heroic or fantastic, fairy-tale plot.

2. Features of the genre:

1) The real in a ballad is often combined with the fantastic.

2) The ballad has a beginning, a climax, and a denouement.

3) A ballad, as an epic work, has a plot and characters, but as a lyrical work, it expresses the thoughts and feelings of the author in relation to what is being told.

II. Introduction to the ballad.

1. Introduction.

The life of a Russian person used to be closely connected with traditions and rituals - signs of fate or nature.

What is a ritual?

a) Ceremony, the order by which something is done;

B) Actions strictly defined by custom, accompanying any acts (usually of a cult nature). – see the textbook.

Once on Epiphany evening

The girls wondered... - this is how the ballad “Svetlana” begins - one of Zhukovsky’s most wonderful ballads. It was completed in 1812.

Who was this ballad dedicated to?

When was it written?

3. Reading a ballad.

4. Let's understand what we read.

1) Let's see if you have understood the plot of the ballad?

Put the events in order.

a) Girls tell fortunes on Epiphany evening.

b) Friends ask sad Svetlana to sing, but the girl refuses. She is saddened by the lack of news from the groom.

c) Svetlana tells fortunes about her sweetheart, looking in the mirror.

d) Her fiance appears to Svetlana and takes her away to get married.

e) Suddenly the groom, sleigh and horses disappear, and Svetlana finds herself alone at an unfamiliar hut.

f) In the hut, Svetlana sees her fiance in a coffin.

g) Svetlana awakens from a terrible dream, and her dear friend returns to her.

2) What is said at the beginning of the ballad?

About fortune telling.

In “Svetlana,” the poet used an ancient belief about fortune-telling of peasant girls on the night before Epiphany. In the early 19th century, fortune telling lost its magical power, becoming a favorite girl's game. The only way to change a girl’s life at that time was her marriage, so the question of who would become her “betrothed” was very important.

3) What do you know about Christmas fortune telling?

(student messages).

Christmas fortune telling.

In the interval from Christmas to Epiphany - 2 weeks are traditionally considered winter holidays, from Christmas Eve (January 6) to Epiphany (January 19) - Christmastide. During Christmas week, people were supposed to give gifts to children, help the elderly and the poor. It was not recommended to work at this time, and it was necessary to attend the festive service in the church at least once. At this time, it was common among the people to tell fortunes, sing carols and have fun.

Christmas fortune-telling was passed down from generation to generation. Therefore, it is almost impossible to accurately determine the moment of the appearance of these rituals.

Fortune telling was carried out in the evenings. Usually they began as soon as candles were lit in the house. And midnight fortune telling began at 12 o'clock at night.

They usually guessed about the betrothed.

The best places for fortune telling were considered to be “bad places”: abandoned houses, bathhouses, barns, basements, hallways, attics, cemeteries.

Fortune tellers had to take off their pectoral crosses and untie all the knots on their clothes, as they blocked the energy fields, which is unacceptable for communicating with the future.

They went to cast a spell in secret: they left the house without crossing themselves, walked silently, barefoot, wearing only a shirt. At Epiphany - the day of the consecration of water - fortune tellers and mummers plunged into the ice hole, washing away their sins.

Fortune telling with subdial songs.

This is one of the ancient rituals. It happened like this. Young people (at least 6 people) got together in the evening, took rings, rings, cufflinks, earrings and other small things and put them under a dish along with pieces of bread, sometimes they put bread, salt, clay. The dish was covered with a clean towel. After this, those gathered sang a song dedicated to bread and salt, and then others. Finally, with the words: “Whoever takes it out, it will come true,” turning away, from under the closed dish they took out any object that fell first into the hand. A prediction was made based on the item taken out and the content of the song sung. These songs were called subdish songs because they were sung at the table on which the dish was located.

Fortune telling by felt boots.

This is the most famous and widespread type of fortune telling. The girls take turns throwing their felt boots (boots, shoes) onto the road and, by the direction of the “toe,” they find out where the husband will come from. If the boot points to the fortuneteller's house, she will not get married that year.

Fortune telling by chickens.

At midnight, they removed the chickens from their roost and gave them selected millet grains; if the chickens ate everything, the marriage would be successful. If even one grain remains, it foretells poverty. They left water for the chickens and looked: if the chicken drinks, then the husband will be a drunkard, if not, this portends a good husband.

Fortune telling in the snow.

In the evening the girls lay down in the snow. And in the morning they looked at the print. If the print is smooth, then the husband will be flexible; if the print is uneven, ribbed, then the husband will be angry and pugnacious.

Fortune telling with mirrors.

Best time for such fortune telling - midnight. They take two mirrors, place them opposite each other, illuminate them with two candles, so that in one of them a long corridor is formed, illuminated with lights. There should be no cats, dogs, birds, or strangers in the room, except for one or two friends. Girlfriends should not look in mirrors, approach the fortuneteller and talk to her. At the end of this corridor a narrowed one should appear; True, sometimes you had to look for a very long time, and you could see not only your betrothed, but also all sorts of evil spirits.

4) The ballad was written almost 200 years ago. Therefore, it contains archaisms and Church Slavonicisms. Let's explain the meaning unclear words.

You compiled dictionaries of these words at home.

5) Let's return to the theory of literature. Prove that the ballad “Svetlana” belongs to the ballad genre.

O Combination of real and fantastic

real

Fantastic

Meeting with your lover

Events that happened in the dream:

Night travel

Raven (symbol of dark forces)

Dove (symbol of light forces)

O Plot elements:

The plot is fortune telling

Climax - meeting the dead man

The denouement is awakening, meeting with your lover.

O Plot, characters.

The ballad conveys a tremulous girlish dream. Images of the terrible and fantastic: a dead groom, a horse race, the cawing of a raven - a harbinger of misfortune, a coffin in a hut - Svetlana saw all this in a dream. And in life - awakening and a happy meeting.

O Feelings.

The lyrical theme in the ballad is connected with the image of Svetlana, with longing for a dear friend.

6) Let's talk about the main character.

What can you say about Svetlana?

In the image of Svetlana Zhukovsky reflects typical features Russian girl is the ideal of a poet. Svetlana is meek, religious, silent. In separation from her beloved, Svetlana is sad, she does not complain, but seeks relief in prayers and tears. For all this, the poet rewards her: she experiences all the horrors in her dreams, but in reality she will find joy, given to her by Providence for her obedience and patience.

7) What is the meaning of the ending of the ballad?

These are my sense of ballads

“Our best friend in this life

Faith in Providence.

The good of the creator is the law:

Here misfortune is a false dream.

Happiness is awakening.”

the main idea ballads about the determining role of fate, the highest divine power in human life.

IV. Homework.

1. Learn by heart an excerpt from the ballad “Svetlana”.

Item : literature, 9th grade

Topic: V.A. Zhukovsky. Ballad "Svetlana"

The purpose of the lesson : deepen the understanding of the ballad, expand the reading interest of students

Lesson objectives:

Introduce students to V.A. Zhukovsky’s ballad “Svetlana”
Reveal characteristic features genre using the example of the ballad being studied
Improve your skills in analyzing poetic texts
Introduce students to some biographical data of V.A. Zhukovsky
Carry out vocabulary work on the terms ballad, composition, romanticism
Promote the development of speech, thinking and creativity in students

Methodical techniques: teacher’s story, expressive reading, elements of analysis of a poetic text.

Equipment: presentation “V.A. Zhukovsky. Ballad "Svetlana"

Lesson steps:

Organizational moment of the lesson

Hello guys! Please check your readiness for the lesson.

Lesson topic message

Today I would like to start the lesson with a question(SLIDE No. 1). To whom are the words of A.S. dedicated? Pushkin: “The captivating sweetness of his poems will pass through the envious distance of centuries”?(V.A. Zhukovsky) (SLIDE No. 2)

Was A.S. Pushkin’s assumption justified?(Yes, even in the 21st century Zhukovsky’s works arouse interest among readers)

3. Repetition of what has been learned. Preparing to perceive something new.

- Remember, the founder of which movement in literature was V.A. Zhukovsky?

- Remember what are the features of Russian romanticism?(SLIDE No. 3)

- Remember the genres of works characteristic of Zhukovsky’s romanticism? (Elegy, ballad)

- What is a ballad?(Short poetic work of historical, mythical or heroic content)(SLIDE No. 4)

- Which Zhukovsky ballads are we already familiar with?(“Forest King”, “Cup”)(SLIDE No. 5)

Communicate the topic and objectives of the lesson.

- For today’s lesson, you independently familiarized yourself with the text of V.A.’s ballad. Zhukovsky "Svetlana".(SLIDE No. 6) And today in class we will analyze this work.

Checking individual homework

Two students received individual homework, we will give them the floor.

The first task is to find information about who V.A. Zhukovsky dedicated this work. (1 student: “The ballad “Svetlana” is dedicated to V.A. Zhukovsky’s niece Alexandra Andreevna Voeikova, née Protasova, and was presented by the author as a wedding gift)(SLIDE No. 7)

The second task is to remember the characteristic features of a ballad.(SLIDE No. 8) (write in notebook)

Analysis of the work

Research

Now let’s work with the text of the ballad “Svetlana”. The task for the first option is to find signs 1 and 3 in the text of the ballad, for the second - signs 2 and 4.

Answer 1 option to 1 question (SLIDE No. 9,10,11,12,13). (Children name the parts of the composition, along the way we remember what they mean)

What is exposure? The premise? Development of action? Climax? The denouement?

(Students' response)

In the text:

The exposition takes place in a hut on Epiphany evening. Girls have gathered here and are telling fortunes about their betrothed.

Outline - Svetlana is sad, she tells her friends of her sadness, left alone, sits down in front of the mirror to tell fortunes and suddenly sees her fiancé.

Development of the action - the groom is taking her to get married. They drive along the snowy steppe, and when they pass a church, the heroine notices that a funeral service is taking place there. Finally, the groom brings her to a secluded hut, where she again sees the coffin...

The climax is the dead man in the coffin - her fiancé.

Denouement - Svetlana wakes up, and then the groom appears to her alive and unharmed

What is the symbolic nature of space and time. (The action takes place between reality and sleep. During fortune telling, Svetlana falls asleep, all fears turn out to be a dream)

The answer is 2 options. What is the suspenseful dramatic, mystery, or fantasy plot? (On the night before Epiphany, the girls are immersed in fortune telling. Svetlana is sad because of the long separation from her fiancé, at midnight she wonders about the fate of her lover and wants to find out. How soon will he return to her? She seems to be in a state of half-asleep. That the groom comes and takes her with him. Then they walk along the snowy steppe, near the church the heroine notices that a funeral service is taking place there. Then they arrive at a secluded hut, in which she sees a coffin from which a dead man rises - her fiancé. Unexpectedly, the “white dove” protects Svetlana from the dead man. And then all the horrors disappear and are, as it were, canceled in their reality by the awakening of the heroine. In reality, the groom is healthy and unharmed, the ballad ends happily.)

What is the unforeseen intervention of supernatural, fatal forces?(The unexpected intervention of the “white dove” saves the girl from the dead man. As soon as the dove hugs her with his wings, she wakes up and returns to the original reality.)(SLIDE No. 14)

What is the symbol of the dove?(People use it as a symbol of happiness, love, tenderness, protection, a symbol of God’s blessing?

What other birds appear in the ballad?(Rooster and Raven)

What do these symbols mean?(The Rooster is a kind of sentinel, protector, raven - predicts bad, terrible things)

2. Analysis of poetic text.

- Usually the person in the ballad felt the power of higher mysterious forces over him, which were always ready to lead him astray from the right path and lead him to death. But it is not only evil forces that test the spirit and soul of a person. He is under the protection of the Creator, who is always ready to protect him and come to his aid. Word, a person has a choice. In the ballad “Svetlana,” folk principles triumph, the bearer of which is Svetlana. Zhukovsky embodied in her the character of a Russian girl, open to love, faithful to folk religious ideals and rejoicing in the happiness of life.

- Based on what has been said, let's now look at the text of the ballad.

- Why do you think the ballad begins with a description of Epiphany fortune-telling?(Because Zhukovsky’s goal is to create a heroine with a rich inner world that will be inseparable from folk customs)

How was Russia represented before? This cold country, with eternal winter. What did girls in Rus' do in winter?

The brightest events in winter are Christmastide, Christmas and Epiphany, when you could not only show yourself as a believer, but also have fun, have fun from the heart, tell fortunes about fate, your betrothed, love, and how well your married life will turn out.(SLIDE No. 15,16)

Why isn't Svetlana happy? (She is engaged, this is a time of waiting for marriage, a time of change, it is always exciting. There is uncertainty ahead. How will her life turn out in marriage? How will her relationship with her husband develop? Will he love her? What awaits her: happiness or unhappiness?

Highlight words and phrases in the text that help us understand Svetlana’s mood? (Moon, in the darkness of the fog, I am destined to die, I pray and shed tears, a white veil, a mirror with a candle, a quivering fire, timidity stirs my chest, fear clouds my eyes, etc.)

The work contains several images and motifs. The first of them is the road. What meaning does this image carry?(The road is a traditional image of traveling through any space, but also human life itself.)(SLIDE No. 17)

- Before Zhukovsky, the road for the heroes of the ballads led from twilight, from darkness into even greater darkness, where a tragic ending awaited. What about Zhukovsky?(Zhukovsky led the heroine through twilight, darkness, blizzard, confusion of feelings towards the light, to the happy end of the journey)

How was Zhukovsky able to reverse the genre peculiarity of the ballad: replace the tragedy - a happy ending, the emptiness of the soul after the events that traditionally accompany the heroes of ballads - with hope for a joyful life full of love?(All the turbulent events occurred in a dream. Zhukovsky separated reality from unreality, which was not the case in other ballads)

- The following images that help to understand the ballad are birds.

- Why is the raven not so scary for Svetlana?This happens in a dream, so the prophecy is not so scary)

Why was the dove chosen as the protector? (Svetlana believes in God, believes that he will protect her)

The presence of the dove is replaced at dawn by the rooster. At this moment, Svetlana wakes up, and we understand that nothing bad happened in reality. Svetlana’s faith in God saved her from a tragic end - this is important, because the faith of a Russian person has always been strong, unbending, especially in difficult moments of life, so it was very important to show Svetlana’s strength of spirit, because she is the heroine of a fair-haired ballad.

Another symbol is light. What can you say about him?(Light brings goodness, protection. There is a lot of light in Zhukovsky’s ballad. We see light both clear and bright, and as a small light. And breaking through a blizzard. And sparkling. And emanating from the moon, even the name of the heroine is identified with light.)

Light is present throughout the entire piece. This can be associated with the fire of faith in God burning in the soul, in the heart of Svetlana. And this faith did not allow Svetlana to perish in the darkness, to get lost among evil, to find her way home, in awakening, to her beloved betrothed.

Color in the text carries important symbolism. Let's analyze the colors used in the work.(SLIDE No. 18)

color	meaning	arguments	location
white	sadness	snow, blizzard, winter fields, foggy moonlight, pallor of the heroine, white apron	Svetlana's dream
white	purity	white tablecloth, white dove	Both in reality (before sleep) and in Svetlana’s dream
black	sadness	black distance, black raven	Svetlana's dream
scarlet	warmth, care, tenderness	“steam turns red” (at dawn); sweet lips of a loved one	Svetlana's awakening

In general, colors are present precisely when Svetlana is awake. Find examples in the text. (Fortune telling, after waking up, meeting with the groom)

This also suggests that Svetlana, as a representative of the Russian people, lives, like the entire Russian people, with emotions. In the dream, there were no emotions except sadness, as if life had stopped, and if so, then nothing could happen to the heroine.

And light, and sounds, and colors. And the emotions that suddenly envelop Svetlana after sleep tell us that life is wonderful. And, despite the fact that we still remember the terrible dream, we know: goodness and happiness will win!(SLIDE No. 19)

4. Summing up

Is it possible to say that Svetlana is an example of the national character of a Russian girl? Why?

V. G. Belinsky, noting the role of the poet in the history of literature, said: “Zhukovsky is the literary Columbus of Russia, who discovered the America of romanticism in poetry. ." (SLIDE No. 20)Do you agree with this statement?

(Zhukovsky’s work brought European romanticism closer to Russian folklore traditions and contributed to the development of the ballad genre on Russian soil)7. Homework

- Learn an excerpt from a ballad

8. Grading, summing up.