Workbook "The world around us" for the second grade, part two, educational complex "Perspective", authors of the notebook - Pleshakov, Novitskaya. If the first part was entirely devoted to autumn, it is logical that the second should cover winter, spring and summer. Yes, there are a lot of pages about winter and spring, but the topics exactly repeat part 1 of the workbook.

It’s a little unclear why 3 times in a row academic year teach the constellations of the starry sky or the same birds, but the authors of the textbook ordered it this way. There are only a couple of pages about summer, although, you see, this time of year is almost one of the most wonderful and remarkable.

Our workbook contains all the gdz, answers to tasks for the second part of the workbook on the world around us for grade 2 on Perspective. All answers are checked by the teacher primary classes. For many tasks you can find an extended answer, report or presentation on the pages of our website.

Answers to the 2nd part of the workbook for grade 2

Click on the page numbers to view the answers to the assignments.

Winter

Page 3-5. Winter months

Task 1. In the first column, read aloud the names of the winter months and the ancient Roman calendar. Compare their sound with the sound of modern Russian names for the winter months. Write Russian names in the second column. Orally make a conclusion about their origin.

1st column: december, januarius, februarius.

Column 2: December, January, February. The names sound similar to Roman ones.

3rd column: jelly, section, snow.

2. Write down the names of the winter months in the language of the peoples of your region that are associated with

2) with natural phenomena;
3) with the difficulty of people.

You can select options on the page Names of winter months associated with phenomena of living and inanimate nature, with the difficulty of people >>

Task 3. Great Russia. Therefore, winter comes to different parts of the country at different times. And her reign lasts for different periods. Write down the dates when winter comes to your region and when it leaves.

Winter in the Urals and Siberia is the longest season of the year. It usually begins at the end of October, when constant snow cover and negative air temperatures set in. Winter ends in these parts on the 20th of March. The snow cover lasts for about 5 months and reaches an average thickness of 30-40 cm.

Winter in the European part of Russia approximately coincides with the calendar: from the beginning of December to the end of February.

Winter in the Krasnodar Territory is short; temperatures can still be above zero in November. Winter begins in mid-December, and by early February it already gives way to spring natural phenomena.

Task 4. Look at the photo. Write a poem for it, a saying, a riddle (of your choice) about the winter beauty. Write it down.

White cotton wool warmed the entire forest. (Snow).

Blanket white
Not made by hand.
It was not woven or cut,
It fell from the sky to the ground. (Snow).

It was snowing, it was stormy.
All the trees are covered in lace!
Snow on the pines, on the bushes,
They ate in white fur coats.
And got tangled in the branches
Violent snowstorms.

Task 5. Place photos or drawings hometown(villages) made in winter. Come up with and write captions for them.

City garden in winter

Lenin Square in winter

St. Basil's Cathedral in winter

Cathedral of Christ the Savior in winter

Page 6-7. Winter is a time of science and fairy tales

Task 2. Write down folk signs about the harvest in your region.

Answer: If there is snow along the road on Candlemas (February 15), expect a good harvest.
When there is a lot of snow, there will be a lot of bread, and when there is little snow, there will be little bread.
A clear New Year's day - to a rich harvest of bread, to it New Year severe frost and snowfall.
If the ice on the river is flat, then there will be little bread, and if the ice becomes piles, there will be a lot of bread.

You can choose more signs from the page Folk signs for the harvest >>

Task 3. Remember the fairy tale of the peoples of your region about animals. Draw a picture for it.

Let's remember the fairy tale "Winter Quarters of Animals". Drawing:

Task 4. Choose and write down a proverb that expresses the meaning of the fairy tale to which your drawing is drawn.

Proverb: Prepare a sleigh in summer and a cart in winter.

Page 8-9. Winter in inanimate nature

Task 1. Mark the picture that shows the position of the sun in winter. Explain your choice.

Answer: the most extreme picture on the right, because in it the sun is lowest and signs of winter are visible: snow, trees without leaves.

Task 2. Make a list of winter phenomena in inanimate nature using the textbook text.

The sun rises low in the sky. Short day. Freezing. Snowfall, blizzard. Ice on reservoirs. Thaw and ice. Frost on the trees.

Task 3. Write down the dates:

Task 4. Watch the weather in winter. Make observations every month for one week (around the middle of the month). Enter the results into tables using symbols.

If you were unable to observe the weather, then the weather archive website of the gismeteo website (gismeteo.ru) will help you; it has a weather diary for schoolchildren. We write out the weather for the required days and redraw the same symbols.

Page 10-11. Starry sky in winter

Task 1. Find the North Star in the picture and label it. Explain (orally) how you managed to find this star among the others.

Polaris is the brightest star in the constellation Ursa Minor (Little Dipper), located at the end of the dipper.

Task 2. Come up with a fairy tale about the constellation Ursa Minor and the North Star. Write it down on a separate sheet of paper and arrange it beautifully.

Far far from the earth lived the North Star, who wanted to learn a lot about the Earth. And lost in thought, she could not stay in the sky and fell into the forest, and not just into the forest, but right onto the tail of a bear cub - a little bear who was walking through the forest. The bear was surprised and asked:
- Who are you?
- I am the North Star! “I fell from the sky,” the guest answered.
- Why did you come here?
The star answered without hesitation:
- To see what the earth is like.
Then the little bear enthusiastically offered to show her everything, and they went for a walk in the forest. They admired the wonderful beautiful plants and equally beautiful animals. The little star liked everything and invited the bear to visit her in heaven. They instantly found themselves in heaven, and the guest liked it there so much that she decided to stay in heaven. Now they are inseparable friends and are called Ursa Minor and Polar Star.

Task 3. Write down the names of the sides of the horizon.

If you stand facing the North Star, then north will be in front, south behind, west on the left, east on the right.

Task 4. Using the textbook illustration, connect the stars in the figure (p. 11) so that you get a fragment of the Orion constellation. Find the star Sirius in the picture and label it. Explain (verbally) what helped you find this star.

If you draw a straight line along Orion's belt from right to left, then the first bright star on this straight line will be Sirius.

Task 5. Write down the names of the constellations and stars that you were able to see in the winter sky.

Constellations: Orion, Canis Major and Minor, Taurus, Gemini, Unicorn, Cancer.

Stars: Polaris, Sirius, Capella, Betelgeuse.

Page 12-13. Winter in the world of plants

Task 1.

Answer from left to right: linden, ash, maple, rowan, elm.

Task 2.

Answer from left to right: spruce, larch, pine.

Task 3. Guess which plant is shown in the photo.

Answer: juniper.

Task 4. During your walk, try to identify several trees and shrubs in winter attire (by silhouettes, fruits, cones and other features). Write down the names of the plants and draw the signs by which you identified these plants.

Examples of drawings:

Rowan can be identified by the fruits collected in clusters.

We can identify rose hips by their red, elongated fruits.

We identify a birch tree by its white trunk.

We can identify ash by elongated seeds collected in panicles.

Page 14-15. Winter holidays

Task 1. Congratulate your classmate with a Christmas carol.

Kolyada, Kolyada!
A carol came out from Nova Gorod.
How the carol looked for Mashenka's yard.
I found a carol in the Car yard.
The car yard is not small, not big....
Happiness and joy to you, Mashenka!

Task 3.

Answer: paint over the circle of the angel, swan and lemon. You can mark the bump at your discretion.

Page 16-17. Plants in the home medicine cabinet

Task 2. Practical work "Medicinal plants".

Name of plants - What parts are used

rose hips - fruits
St. John's wort - flowers, leaves, stem
cyclamen - tubers
chamomile - flowers
juniper - fruits
calendula - flowers

Task 2. Solve the crossword puzzle using the textbook text.

1. Valerian

3. Calendula
4. Linden
5. Plantain
6. Yarrow

Task 3. Write down the names medicinal plants home first aid kit.

Answer: rosehip, St. John's wort, mint, chamomile, yarrow, sage, calendula.

Page 18-19. Winter life of birds and animals

1. Identify birds by their beaks. Connect the pictures and names with lines.

Task 2. Recognize the animals by their descriptions. Write the names.

Task 3. What changed in the behavior of the birds you observed in the fall?

Birds increasingly began to fly to human habitation. Tits can even fly onto the balcony if the window is open. They are looking for food.

What other birds did you see?

Tits, bullfinches.

Watch the birds at the feeder.
Write a story based on your observations. Illustrate it with a drawing.

We made a feeder out of planks. Dad hung it on a tree in the park. Mom poured seeds and grains into it. But the birds did not arrive for a long time. Finally, one day we discovered that the food had disappeared! This meant that the birds had found our gift! We began to come more often and bring fresh food.

Page 20-21. Invisible threads in the winter forest

Task 1. How are spruce and forest animals related to each other?

Crossbill, woodpecker, squirrel, mouse, and hare feed on spruce seeds and spread them. In the spring, the seeds that these animals dropped will germinate and new spruce trees will grow from them.

Task 2. Read the story “How Animals Help Each Other” in the textbook. Connect the pictures with arrows to show the connections in the winter forest.

Page 22-23. In February, winter meets spring for the first time

1. Write a short oral story about February, using the words “boundary”, “border”, “border” in it.

A story about February.

February is the last month of winter, the boundary between winter and spring. Between February and March there is a border or boundary between cold and heat. They say that winter meets spring in February. This means that it is getting warmer and the first signs of spring are being felt. The snow has not melted yet, but the sun is warming up and thawed patches are forming.

Draw a picture for your story.

Task 2. Guess the riddle.

An ice bag hangs outside the window.
He cries merrily and smells of spring.

Guess: ICICLE.

Task 3. Find out home recipe cooking pancakes, write it down and tell your classmates about it.

2 eggs, 3 tablespoons of sugar, 1 liter of milk, half a teaspoon of salt, as much flour as the dough will absorb (it should be liquid), vegetable oil.

Mix eggs with sugar, add flour, salt, milk. Stir the dough well so that there are no lumps. You can add 3-4 tablespoons of vegetable oil to the dough.

Fry in a hot frying pan greased with vegetable oil.

Task 4. Select and paste a photo of a winter holiday according to the ancient calendar of the peoples of your region.

Meeting means meeting. This holiday came to us from the Bible pages. One old man named Simeon was promised by God that he would not die until he saw the promised Messiah (Christ). And then one day, while he was in the temple, Mary and Joseph brought the Baby Jesus to fulfill the law. Simeon took the Child Jesus in his arms and, glorifying God, said: “Now, Master, you are sending Your servant away in peace, according to Your word, for my eyes have seen Your salvation, which You have prepared before the face of all nations, a light to enlighten the Gentiles and the glory of the people.” Your Israel." In honor of this event the feast of Candlemas is celebrated.
It is believed that at Candlemas winter meets spring.

Page 24-25. Winter labor

Task 1. Tell (orally) about ancient women's work in winter.

In winter, women did handicrafts, spinning yarn, weaving, sewing and embroidering. They also took care of domestic animals.

Task 2. Fill in the gaps in the text yourself or with the help of a textbook.

People create good conditions for storing grain in granaries - elevators.
Pets are kept indoors in winter. It should be warm, dry, light.
Four-legged friends need to add vitamins to their food in winter.
After the thaw, during icy conditions, roads and sidewalks are sprinkled with sand.
Indoor plants are rarely watered in winter.

Task 3.

Answer from left to right: onion, violet, Decembrist, lemon.

Page 26-27. Be healthy

Task 1.

Task 2. Think and write down what qualities develop in the games you like to play in winter.

Winter games in the snow strengthen my health, develop endurance, agility and strength. And when building figures from snow, use your imagination.

Task 3. Winter game peoples of your region.

Prize on the pillar

Many peoples, including Russians, had such winter fun. A large pillar was erected in the middle of the square. He was doused with water. In the cold, the water turned to ice, and the pole became very slippery. A valuable prize, for example, red boots, was hung at the top of the pole. This is where the game began! Any guy or man could try to climb to the very top and take off his boots. But only the strongest and most dexterous managed to climb the slippery pillar.

The qualities that this game develops: dexterity, strength, intelligence, courage.

Page 28-29. Nature conservation in winter

1. Draw a feeder in which you feed the birds. You can paste a photo.

2. Write what other feathered guests have been in your “dining room”.

Answer: Pigeons, magpie, crow.

3. Write what kind of food you feed the birds.

Answer: millet, seeds, crackers.

4. Using a textbook, color the animals from the Red Book of Russia and write their names.

Amur tiger, eagle owl.

5. Write a story about any animal listed in the Red Book of Russia (preferably living in your region). You can supplement the story with a drawing.

Weasel is the smallest predator living in our region. Weasel destroys a huge number of mice. She lives in fields and forests, as well as along the banks of rivers and lakes. This animal is valued for its fur. In summer, the weasel has a brown coat with a white chest, and in winter it is completely white.

Page 30-31. Winter walk

Task 1. Look at the photographs. Think about which regions of Russia in winter people need such warm clothing.

Answer: in the northern regions of Russia.

Task 2.

Spring and summer

Page 32-33. Spring months

1. In the first column, read aloud the names of the spring months in the ancient Roman calendar. Compare their sound with the sound of modern Russian names for the spring months. Write Russian names in the second column...

Find out from your elders and write down in the third column the names of the spring months in the languages ​​of the people of your region.

1 column: Martius, Aprilis, Mayus
Column 2: March, April, May
Column 3 (in Ukrainian): zimobor, snowgon, grass.

2. Write down the names of the spring months in the language of the peoples of your region that are connected:

a) with phenomena of inanimate nature -
b) with phenomena of living nature -
c) with the difficulty of people -

3. Place a photograph or drawing of your hometown (village), taken in the spring. Come up with and write a signature.

4. Return to p. 6 and complete the check of folk signs for the harvest according to the days of St. Nicholas. To do this, track how much grass will grow by May 22. Write down your winter and spring observations:

The people's forecast came true.

pp. 34-35. Spring in inanimate nature

1. Mark the picture that shows the position of the sun in spring. Explain your choice.

Answer: the picture on the right, because in it the sun is higher, signs of spring are visible in nature: ice drift on the river, the arrival of birds.

Make a list of spring phenomena in inanimate nature using the textbook text.

Answer: warming, melting snow, ice drift, high rivers, flood, first thunderstorm

3. Write down the date.

4. Observe the weather in spring...

Current data for your city can be found on the Gismeteoru website and in the weather diary for schoolchildren.

Page. 36-37. Spring - morning of the year

1. Write down the dates of the arrival of spring according to the ancient calendars of your region.

2. In the tear-off calendar, look how much the day has increased. Write down the length of the day:

Annunciation

Page 38-39. Starry sky in spring

2. ... Write down the names of the constellations and stars that you were able to see in the spring sky. Draw one of the constellations on p. 39.

Constellations: Cassiopeia, Leo, Ursa Major, Ursa Minor.

Stars: Regulus, Polaris, Sirius.

Constellation that we managed to see in the spring sky: Libra

3. Write a story about one of the constellations in the spring sky.

Leo constellation

Leo is main figure night spring sky. The arrangement of bright stars resembles a reclining lion, whose head and chest represent the famous “Sickle” asterism, similar to a mirrored question mark. The constellation Leo is very rich in various interesting objects that are very easy to see with a small telescope and even with the naked eye. It can be seen from February to March in the southern night sky. The brightest stars in the constellation Leo: Regulus, Denebola, Algeiba.

Regulus is the most important object in the constellation Leo. The star is located almost in the center of the constellation and is often associated with the heart. This is a very bright star, the brightness of which is 160 times higher than that of our Sun. This star is located 85 light years from us, which explains its high apparent brightness.

Denebola is the second brightest object associated with Leo. This is the outermost star, often called the tail.

Algeiba is a double star, one of the most beautiful in the sky. Denotes a majestic mane. If you look closely, the slightly orange star has a noticeable golden companion. The orbital period of this binary system is approximately 510 years.

4. Come up with a fairy tale about the constellations of the spring sky. Write it down on a separate sheet of paper and arrange it beautifully.

There lived in Africa a mighty king of beasts - a lion. Everyone was afraid of him and ran away in fear when he uttered his menacing lion's roar. But then one night the lion raised his head up and saw many constellations - there were both a hare and bears. He growled loudly at them, but not a single star moved. He growled even louder, but no one in the starry sky ran away from him. Then the lion wanted to teach the stars a lesson. He pressed himself to the ground and jumped so high that he went straight to the sky, but, looking at the Earth from above, he was so scared that he froze and forgot why he climbed here. This is how the mighty lion turned into the constellation Leo.

Page 40-43. Spring awakening of plants

From left to right: anemone, liverwort, coltsfoot, lungwort, guillemot, corydalis, goose onion.

2. Color the flowers. Name them.

From left to right: Corydalis, lungwort, goose onion

3. ... Connect the pictures and names with lines. Do it yourself or use a tutorial.
Underline the names of the trees with a green pencil, and the names of the bushes with a red pencil.

4. Observe and record when they bloomed this year:

Coltsfoot - end of March
Dandelion - in May
Lily of the valley - early May
Bird cherry - early May
Cherry - end of May
Apple tree - late May, early June
Poplar - June
Birch - in April
Alder - in May

5. Observe and write down when the leaves of the hazel, apple, birch, and oak trees began to bloom.

Hazel: early April - May.
Apple tree: late April - mid-May.
Birch: end of April - mid-May.
Oak: mid-April - late May.

7. Write a story about one of the blooming plants. Use the book "Green Pages" or other literature (of your choice) for this.

Bird cherry

This plant is popularly affectionately called the beautiful bride. This is due to the fact that in the spring the bird cherry puts on a festive white robe and turns into a real miracle.

Bird cherry is a shrub from the Rosaceae family. Its trunk is completely covered with dark gray bark, on which there are rusty-brown spots. Bird cherry leaves are obovate in shape. The flowers, although small, are very fragrant. They are white and collected in a very beautiful brush.

Bird cherry is a forest orderly. Flowers and leaves have a special aroma, and therefore have phytoncidal properties. This is what made the tree special, as it gave it the ability to kill insects and germs. The tree is merciless even for mosquitoes and ticks.

Many poems and songs have been written about bird cherry.

Page 44-45. Wonderful flower beds in spring

1. Cut out photos from the application and paste each one into its own window.

2. Color the flowers. Name them (orally)

From left to right: tulips, pansies, daffodils

3. Identify several spring flower garden plants. Draw 2-3 plants or stick a photo.

Primrose

Lily of the valley

4. Write a story about one of the plants in the spring flower garden, about the beliefs and legends associated with it.

It’s not for nothing that primroses are called primroses – in the spring they bloom the earliest.

In the Scandinavian sagas, primroses were called the keys of the spring goddess Freya. As soon as the snow melts, a beautiful young goddess comes to the earth to decorate it with flowers and herbs. And where the multi-colored necklace touches her - the rainbow of the earth, there the primrose will grow.

Primroses are perennial plants and bloom only once a year - in spring.

Page 46-47. Spring in the world of insects

1. Do you know the names of butterflies? Cut out the pictures from the Appendix and paste them into the windows. Test yourself using the textbook drawing.

3. Find information in the textbook about what insects eat. Write it down. Conclude whether these insects cause harm to humans

Hives caterpillar - nettle leaves.
Mourning caterpillar - birch and aspen leaves.
Dragonflies are mosquito larvae.
Dragonfly larvae are mosquito larvae.
Ant - insects.

These insects do not harm humans.

4. Using information from the textbook, write in the diagrams the names of animals that feed on mosquitoes and their larvae.

Page 48-49. Spring in the world of birds and animals

1. Using the textbook text, number the pictures in the sequence in which these birds return from warmer climes.

2. Observe and write down when you were able to see a rook for the first time this year - the beginning of March, a starling - the end of March, a chaffinch - the end of March, a swallow - the end of May.

3. In the text of the textbook, find information about what different animals eat. Write it down.

Hedgehog - insects, toads.

Bear - berries, insects, plant roots, fish, large animals (elk, deer)

Bat - insects.

Fill in the circle next to the text “bats” - they wake up later than everyone else, because they feed only on flying insects, and they start flying late.

4. Bird watching.

Not far from our house, swallows have built a nest. It was located under the roof of the store. Every spring, swallows return to their nest and hatch their chicks. At the end of summer they leave their home and fly to warmer climes.

I have seen swallows feeding their chicks more than once. When mom or dad flew up to the nest, the chicks stuck out their open beaks and began to squeak and demand food. I really like watching birds.

Page 50-51. Invisible threads in the spring forest

1. Who is willow friends with?

3. Give an example of invisible threads in the spring forest and depict it in the form of a diagram.

4. Find information about the life of the cuckoo in additional literature. In which birds' nests does she lay eggs? Write a short story about a cuckoo.

Cuckoo - migrant. She places her eggs in the nests of other birds, such as wagtail, redstart, robin, finch, and finch. Cuckoos eat furry caterpillars that other birds don't eat. In cuckoos, it is the male who crows, not the female.

Page 52-53. Spring labor

1. Guess the riddles about men’s spring labor and their ancient tools. Write down the answers.

I cut a black loaf from edge to edge... The matting in the windows covered the entire field.

2. Guess the riddles about women’s spring work. Write down the answers. Test yourself using the Application.

Thunder rumbles, lightning flashes, it melts on one side and freezes on the other (weaving fabric).

A small bird will dive with its nose, wag its tail, and lead a path (embroidery)

3. Riddle.

They were torn into shreds, knitted across the field,
They beat me, they beat me,
They twisted, weaved,
They locked us up and sat us on the table.

The answer: flax.

4. Select and paste a photo of spring work in your family.

Page 54-55. Ancient spring holidays

1. Guess the riddle. Write down the answer. Test yourself using the Application.

The bridge lies
For seven miles,
At the end of the bridge -
Golden Mile.

Guess: GREAT LENT AND EASTER.

2. Read the lyrics of the song used to congratulate the newlyweds. Instead of blanks, write down wishes.

Is the owner still at home?
Is the master in the house?
Congratulations on a great job,
With Alexeyushka!
With a young vine,
With Tatyanushka!
How many stumps are there in the forest -
We wish you so many sons!
How many hummocks are there in the meadow?
We wish so many daughters!

3. Read the text of the Russian song about the birch tree. Underline all the kind words in the lyrics. Write down words with color meanings.

Affectionate words (they must be emphasized): birch tree, breeze, rain.

Words with color meanings: green, turn green, white, light brown.

4. Select and paste a photo of the spring holiday according to the ancient calendar of the peoples of your region.

Happy Easter - Christ is risen!

Page 56-57. Be healthy!

1. Draw what games you like to play in the spring. Instead of drawings, you can place photographs here.

2. Think and write down what qualities are developed in the games you like to play in the spring.

Answer: Creativity, friendliness, patience.

3. Ask the elders in the family to tell you about the rules of one of the games of the peoples of your region.

Gorodki is a Russian folk sports game. In this game, it is necessary to “knock out” by throwing “city” bats from certain distances - figures composed in various ways from five wooden cylinders (chocks), called “towns” or “ryukhi”.

To play towns, 15 pieces are used. The winner is the player or team that spent the least number of bits on knocking out pieces. The pieces begin to knock out from the kon (far line). If you knock out at least one town, the remaining ones are knocked out from the semi-con (near line); The “closed letter” figure is knocked out only from the stake, and first - the town in the center, indicating the “mark”. Each game can consist of 6, 10 or 15 pieces. All figures except the 15th are built on the front line of the city.

A town is considered knocked out when it has completely reached the back or side lines of the city. If a town flies forward to the penalty line or beyond it in the direction of the half-cone, then it is placed in the suburbs, opposite the city center: 20 cm from the penalty line if at least one town is knocked out of the figure or 40 cm if it is not knocked out of the figure not a single town. A town that goes beyond the line and rolls back into a city or suburb is considered knocked out.

Think and write down what qualities this folk game develops.

Answer: Dexterity, strength, eye, ability to concentrate.

Page 58-59. Nature conservation in spring

2. Using a textbook, color these representatives of the Red Book of Russia. Sign their names.

3. Write a story about some mushroom, plant or animal listed in the Red Book of Russia.

Ram mushroom (Grifola curly)

Mushroom - ram - rare and very interesting view. Usually it chooses forests with broad-leaved trees for its habitat. He likes to settle on maples and oaks, less often choosing chestnuts and beech trees as his host. These mushrooms are collected only in August and September, and the weight of one mushroom can sometimes reach ten kilograms.

Page 60-61. Spring walk

Photos from the walk:

The rooks have arrived

Willow blossoms

Primrose

Page 62-65. Summer is red

1. Names of the summer months.

1 column: Junius, Julius, Augustus
Column 2: June, July, August
Column 3 (in Ukrainian): cherven, lipen, serpen

2. Write down the names of the summer months in the language of the peoples of your region that are associated with

1) with phenomena of inanimate nature;
2) with natural phenomena;
3) with the difficulty of people.

You can choose from the page: Names of months associated with phenomena of living and inanimate nature, with the labor of people

3. In different parts of our great Motherland, summer has its own term. Write down the dates when summer comes to your area and when it leaves.

Hint: here you don’t need to look for holiday dates in ancient calendars, because the question doesn’t require it. Just write when it gets warm in your area. For example, in the Krasnodar Territory, summer often begins in mid-May and ends in early October. In the Urals and Siberia, summer comes in June and leaves in August.

4. Place a photograph or drawing of your hometown (village), taken in the summer. Come up with and write a signature.

Park in summer

5. Using a tear-off calendar, find out how long the daylight hours last on the days of the summer solstice, summer solstice and on Peter's Day. Write down your observations.

Note: Day length is recorded for Moscow.

6. Mark the picture that shows the position of the sun in summer.

Answer: in the extreme picture on the right. The sun is located highest on it, the trees are dressed in foliage.

7. Write down the dates:

8. Watch the weather in summer. Make observations and record the results in a table.

* If you were unable to observe the weather, then the Gismeteo website will help you - a weather diary for schoolchildren, where you need to select a city and date and see weather data.

Page 66-67. Summer holidays and work

Bent in an arc, In the summer in the meadow, In the winter on a hook - SCYTHE

Toothy, but not biting - RAKE.

3. Cut out the drawings of the gifts of summer from the application. Paste them in the windows from left to right in the same way as the holidays of the three Saviors follow each other in August.

HONEY APPLES NUTS

Holiday dates:

4. Draw a symbol for the expression “all year round.”

Page 68. Summer walk

Post any of your photos in the summer.

If something is not clear, ask in the comments.

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Attention! Slide previews are for informational purposes only and may not represent all the features of the presentation. If you are interested in this work, please download the full version.

Lesson objectives: to introduce children to the diversity of plants according to appearance(tree, bush, grass); teach children to distinguish between herbaceous and woody forms of plants; cultivate a caring attitude towards the world around us

- Guys, let's get ready for work. Sit comfortably, close your eyes and repeat after me:

I'm at school in class.
Now I will start studying.
My attention is growing.
As a scout, I will notice everything.
My memory is strong.
The head thinks clearly.
I want to study.
I'm ready to go.
Working!

- Guys, now open your eyes, smile at each other and start working.

- Let's read the topic of our lesson. ( What types of plants are there?)

– Why is there a question mark at the end of the sentence? In class we need to find answers to this question.

– Look carefully around you, out the window onto the street. What surrounds us?

– What two groups can all this be divided into? ( Nature and everything made by human hands).

– Find an extra object: spruce, squirrel, lily of the valley, fridge, sun, moon, tit.

Look, my dear friend,
What's around?
The sky is light blue,
The golden sun is shining,
The wind plays with the leaves,
A cloud floats in the sky.
Field, river and grass,
Mountains, air and foliage,
Birds, animals and forests,
Thunder, fog and dew.
Man and season -
It's all around... (nature)

– What other two groups can nature be divided into? What is it like? (Living and non-living).

– Divide the objects into 2 groups: spruce, squirrel, lily of the valley, sun, moon, tit.

– What groups do you think these living objects can be divided into? (Bacteria, fungi, plants, animals and humans).

– Signs of wildlife. (Birth, breathing, eating, growing, reproducing, aging and dying).

– Guess the riddle:

Breathes, grows,
But he can’t walk. (Plant)

(The flora of our planet is extremely rich; more than 300 thousand species of plants inhabit the Earth).

(The body of most plants can be divided into underground and aboveground parts. The underground part is formed by roots. They anchor plants in the soil and absorb water and mineral salts.)

Work in pairs:

- Guys, you have drawings of plants on your desks. Find the parts of the plant in the picture and put the corresponding numbers next to the arrows. We work in pairs.

– Determine what plant we are talking about:

• It has green leaves. What could it be?
• It has green leaves and root. What are we talking about now?
• It has green leaves, a root and a large trunk covered with bark. What is this?

(Tree).

– How do trees differ from other plants? ( Trees have one large trunk covered with bark, from which branches extend.

– Name the main essential features that will help you identify a shrub.

Bush has not one trunk, but many trunks. They are of different thickness and height. One shrub stem lives on average 20-50 years. But new ones are constantly being formed, replacing old stems.

Student's message about viburnum: Viburnum was very loved in the old days; people composed songs and fairy tales about her. This is one of his favorite plants. During flowering, the viburnum stands solemn, in a white lace outfit. And in the fall it is decorated with beautiful pink, purple, burgundy leaves and clusters of red fruits. Because of their color, reminiscent of hot metal, people gave it this name.

– How do herbs differ from other plants? (Grass usually have soft green stems. Grasses live much shorter than trees and shrubs. In the fall, some of them die off completely. Grasses are shorter than shrubs. But there are also very tall ones - corn, sunflowers).

- Let's continue our chain. What groups have we divided plants into?

– Give examples: trees, shrubs, herbaceous plants.

– If you imagine a forest as a ladder, what plants would you place on the bottom step? And on the next ones, going up? (Herbs, shrubs, trees).

Now let's rest a little and let's solve the riddles:

1. What kind of girl is this:
Not a seamstress, not a craftswoman,
She doesn’t sew anything herself,
And in needles all year round. ( Spruce.)

Spruce- coniferous tree. The needles do not fall off all at once, like deciduous trees, but gradually, over several years, so coniferous trees are green all year round.

Spruce is moisture-loving and grows on moist clay soils. Spruce forests are dark because the tree crowns do not allow much sunlight to pass through.

2. I have longer needles
Than the Christmas tree
I'm growing very straight
In height.
If I'm not on the edge,
The branches are only at the top of the head. (Pine)

Pine is less picky about soil and can grow on sandy soils. She is a light-loving plant. The crown of pine trees always rises high into the sky. The pine forest is light, the air is filled with a wonderful aroma that is good for health. Pine is one of the oldest trees. The pine tree grew when there were no green deciduous forests on earth. Houses are built from pine logs, bridges and outbuildings are erected. Pine resin is also valued.

3.What kind of tree is it?
There is no wind
Does it tremble? (Aspen)

4. The sisters are standing around:
Yellow eyes, white eyelashes .(Daisies)

Physical education minute. (The teacher names various plants. With a full squat, children show herbs, stand at full height - shrubs, hands up - trees.) - slide 25

5. It grows very densely,
Unnoticed it blooms
And when summer passes,
We eat his “candy”
Not in a piece of paper, but in a shell -
Take care of your teeth, children. ! (Hazel)

6.I am high and mighty
I'm not afraid of thunderstorms or clouds.
I feed pigs and squirrels
It's okay that the fruit is my chalk .(Oak)

Oak- the most durable and strongest tree in our forests. The oak trunk is powerful. Oak leaves bloom late in the spring, but remain on the branches for a long time in the fall, and sometimes the oak tree stands all winter with faded dark brown leaves.

7. Sticky buds
green leaves,
With white bark
It's under the mountain. (Birch).

8. Thin stem near the path,
At the end of it are earrings;
There are leaves on the ground -
Small bursts. (Plantain)

9.He stood on a flexible leg
In a round hat by the path.
The breeze picked up a little
And - he scattered his balloon hat (Dandelion)

10. A relative has a Christmas tree.
Non-thorny needles,
But, unlike the Christmas tree,
Those needles are falling . (Larch)

Larch differs from all our other coniferous trees in that every autumn it completely sheds its needles. Before falling, the needles turn yellow, and the tree becomes very beautiful. Larch needles are soft and tender. On young shoots, the needles are located singly. On older shoots they are collected in bunches. Each bunch contains 20–60 needles. Larch is an unusually strong and heavy tree, it even sinks in water. Log houses built from larch last 300–400 years and only darken with time.

11.Don’t touch the plant–
It burns painfully, like fire. (Nettle)

12.White peas
On a green leg . (Lily of the valley)

– What groups can these plants be divided into: birch, dandelion, currant, spruce, maple, lilac, poppy, chamomile, rose hips. (Herbs, shrubs, trees).

– What two groups can these trees be divided into: birch, spruce, pine, larch, oak, linden. (deciduous and coniferous).

– How do coniferous trees differ from deciduous trees?

– Why are coniferous trees green all year round? (The needles of coniferous trees do not fall off all at once, like those of deciduous trees, but gradually, over several years, so coniferous trees are green all year round.)

– Why do we need plants? ( They feed, treat, clothe, give many useful things)

– A person must not only use plants, but also protect them and take care of them. Due to man's inept use of the surrounding nature, some plant species have completely disappeared. And some are on the verge of extinction. Scientists brought such plants to The Red Book. The Red Book is a book of “pain”, an alarming signal from Nature about a reduction in the number of animals and plants, about the threat of their extermination or about becoming rare. In our country it was approved in 1974. Red Book of Chuvashia.

Love nature!
Save nature!
Don't burn the grass!
Don't break the bushes!
Don't throw any nasty stuff on the ground.
And nature will give you health and joy.

Summing up the lesson

– Let’s answer the question posed at the beginning of the lesson: What types of plants are there?

Plants can be found anywhere in the world: in hot deserts, high in the mountains, in forests and meadows, in swamps and even at the North Pole. Their diversity is very great, and each plant is unique and inimitable. Let's look at what types of plants there are and how they differ from each other.

Main plant groups

All plants, regardless of their size and habitat, are structured the same and have common parts: roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds. But there are many more differences, and first of all, this relates to appearance. All plants can be divided into 3 main groups:

• Trees

A tree is a perennial plant with one large trunk (stem) covered with bark. From the stem there are many branches on which leaves grow, flowers bloom and fruits grow.

The height of trees can be very different - from 2 to 100 m. Among the trees there are real centenarians who live for hundreds of years.

Trees, in turn, come in two types: deciduous (birch, oak, maple) and coniferous (spruce, pine, cedar).

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Some trees grow upward, and some - in breadth. The thickest tree on the planet is the baobab. This tree does not grow too tall, but the diameter of its trunk is simply huge and can reach 9 m! In addition, the baobab is a real long-liver and can live up to a thousand years.

Rice. 1. Baobab

• Shrubs

Instead of one large trunk, shrubs have several thin and small trunks. Their sizes are more modest, and rarely do any shrubs reach 5-6 m. In forests they form the undergrowth - one of the lower tiers.

This group of plants includes hawthorn, juniper, gooseberry, and currant.

• Herbs

Herbaceous plants do not have a strong trunk - their stems are soft and flexible. Grasses do not live long - with the onset of the first cold weather, their leaves and stems die off because they are not adapted to winter frosts.

This group of plants is the most common: there are much more herbaceous plants on the globe than shrubs and plants.

Among the grasses there are real giants, capable of reaching 30 m in height. This bamboo is one of the fastest growing plants on earth: in one day this grass can grow up to 75 cm. Bamboo is not only a very tall and fast-growing plant, but also very strong. In ancient times, swords were made from it, which were in no way inferior to steel weapons.

Rice. 2. Bamboo

Cultivated and wild plants

All plants can be divided according to another criterion: they grow in the wild or are cared for by humans.

• Wild plants - these are herbs, shrubs and trees that grow on their own in forests, meadows, and do not require special care.
• Cultivated plants - those that are specially grown by a person, for which he constantly looks after. This is necessary to get a high yield of grains, vegetables or fruits.

In addition to wild and cultivated plants, there is another separate group - indoor plants. They are grown for decorative purposes to decorate the room. TO indoor plants include dracaena, ficus, cactus, azalea and many others.

What is grass? Grass is a small plant with a soft and thin stem. If many different herbs grow nearby on the edge of a forest, in a clearing or in a meadow, then they are called a beautiful word"forbs". Herbs are similar to trees in that they both have a root, a stem or trunk, leaves, flowers and seeds. They differ in height and thin soft stem.

No wonder it is called burning. After a nettle bite, red spots remain on the body; they cause unpleasant itching and burning. Having examined the leaf, you can notice very small hairs, which look like tiny bottles full of caustic liquid - formic acid. At the top of the bottles is a fragile head. At the slightest touch, the head breaks off, the sharp edges of the hair pierce the skin, and a caustic liquid enters the wound.

The plantain by the road tramples our feet together. Plantain loves to grow along roads, which is why it got its name. Cars are rushing, people are walking, people are stepping on plantain leaves, but he doesn’t care! The hard leaves and elastic stem immediately straighten, remaining fresh and green. plantain

This herb is popularly called field ashberry, or wild ashberry. Tansy is used in the treatment of diseases. tansy Gently quiet radiance of pre-autumn beauty. There are lush bushes in Tansy's golden robe. It seems that Tansy emits an even, soft light and illuminates the surroundings, If there is no sun in the sky.

Fern Fern has large carved leaves that look like the feathers of strange birds. They grow on long petioles. Several leaves emerge from one low stem. In autumn the leaves die off, and in spring new young leaves appear. Ferns are similar to other herbs in that they have a root, a stem, and leaves. It has no flowers, no inflorescences, no seeds.

Mint I know, kids love mint candies. They make your mouth slightly sour, refreshing and cooling! Mint is widely used in food industry, it is added to sweets and chewing gum. Mint is a real storehouse of vitamins and useful substances. Vitamin tea, decoctions, tinctures, and medicines are prepared from the leaves.

Lungwort Before the white snow had time to melt, an early bold shoot appeared, And its flowers are all different, Purple, blue, light blue, red, They change color, following the fashion They show off in cold weather. The flowers are fragrant, contain a lot of nectar, bloom in the forest, and are very fond of oak forests.

St. John's wort In the old days, this medicine was called “the herb for 99 diseases.” It is used as a hemostatic agent. It heals wounds, kills germs, and stops suppuration and inflammation. Leaves contain essential oils, vitamins E and C. It has an excellent coloring agent.

If in summer you find yourself in a flowering meadow, in a shady forest clearing or forest edge, admire the amazing Land of Herbs, inhale the fresh aroma of greenery, but try not to crush the grass, break its delicate stems, or tear forest or wildflowers. Let them decorate the earth! Let the blooming herbs make us happy!