Peripheral work nervous system characterized by autonomy. The PNS is represented by 2 sections, one of them is responsible for maintaining a person in an excited state (sympathetic section), and the second is responsible for relaxation and accumulation of energy (parasympathetic section). These departments are in constant interaction, ensuring the smooth functioning of the body, but when there is an imbalance in their communication, a series of failures occurs, expressed by a spectrum of symptoms. The combination of these symptoms is called vegetative-vascular dystonia.

There are many causes of VSD

Most often, the first signs of VSD are found in children aged 6-9 years. According to medical statistics, girls are at greater risk of developing dystonia than boys. Manifestations of the disease at this age are determined by the child’s lifestyle and functional changes in the body. Educational activities begin, accordingly, mental and physical stress increases, and the daily routine is adjusted. Such changes increase the instability of the child’s nervous system, which is the impetus for the first disruptions in the body.

The causes of vegetative-vascular dystonia include maternal heredity. In addition, complications of pregnancy and childbirth can affect the development of the symptom complex:

• toxicosis in late stages;
• fetal hypoxia due to gestosis or fetoplacental insufficiency;
• intrauterine infectious diseases;
• pathology of labor (too fast or too slow);
• birth injuries (application of obstetric forceps);
• encephalopathy.

In addition to the listed reasons for the occurrence of the disease, there are additional reasons, including psychosocial and somatic problems:

• conflicts in the family;
• overprotection;
• chronic stress;
• allergies;
• infectious diseases;
• endocrine diseases.

Frequent conflicts in the family can cause the development of VSD in a child

By themselves, critical emotional states and dysfunction of internal organs do not always lead to the development of the disease. However, if a malfunction of the autonomic nervous system has already occurred, any disruption can trigger the appearance of symptoms of dystonia. Often external factors, such as ecology, climate, weather conditions and behavioral reasons (lack of sleep, sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy diet) stimulate the occurrence of VSD.

Causes of VSD in adults

In more than 50% of people, the first signs of the disease begin to appear in the prepubertal period, which is often caused by heredity and lability of the nervous system. However, it happens that VSD develops already in adulthood against the background of serious pathologies in the functioning of internal organs or for psychosocial reasons.

Heredity

One of the common causes of vegetative-vascular dystonia is a congenital predisposition to the disease. More often than others, transmission of defective genes through the female line is observed. This point also includes the onset of VSD in childhood. The mechanism of occurrence in this case is the overload of the unstable nervous system with severe emotional and functional states. Pathologies of pregnancy and childbirth, infectious diseases suffered at the stage of intrauterine development are of great importance.

Autonomic dysfunction of the heart and blood vessels

Often SDS (somatoform autonomic dysfunction) is confused with VSD, which is certainly a mistake. SVD can be considered as a trigger for the development of dystonia. Cardiac dysfunction is manifested only by somatic disorders without the participation of the nervous system and is expressed by the following symptoms:

• heartache;
• increased heart rate;
• increased blood pressure, characterized by a lack of response to drug therapy;
• hypertension.

In ICD-10, autonomic dysfunction of the cardiovascular system is designated as F45.3.

Causes of VSD in adults: heredity, pathologies of pregnancy, childbirth, stress, hormonal disbalance etc.

Mitochondrial diseases

These are diseases of a hereditary nature, transmitted only through the female line and are characterized by a violation of the formation of cellular energy reserves. In other words, with such diseases, human tissues and organs starve. Mitochondria are responsible for generating energy reserves necessary for the functioning of all organ systems, and especially the brain, heart, liver, hearing and vision. Because of this, mitochondrial diseases can cause congenital blindness and deafness, neuropathic pain, and brain dysfunction.

Hormonal imbalances

Functional changes in hormonal levels occur with age:

• during puberty;
• during menopause (women);
• in old age (senile changes in hormonal functions).

In addition, disruptions in the production and ratio of hormones occur during pregnancy. This is necessary in order to maintain the pregnancy. During these periods, a person is characterized by emotional instability and any stressful situation or strong emotion can provoke a malfunction of the ANS.

Individual characteristics

This point includes the mental indicators of a person. Some people are overly emotional and stressed. The psyche of such people is unstable; they are characterized by constant anxiety and suspiciousness. VSD can occur against the background of constant psycho-emotional stress.

Sedentary lifestyle

Physical inactivity is more likely a factor provoking dystonia, and not the cause of its development. People who lead an inactive lifestyle, do not devote time to sports, or have a sedentary job have a reduced immune system and, accordingly, are susceptible to various infectious diseases.

A sedentary lifestyle can also lead to vegetative-vascular dystonia

Infectious diseases, including focal ones

Infections weaken the human body and reduce the level of its immune defense. During the recovery period, a situation is possible in which a chronic focus of inflammation affecting the autonomic nervous system will persist. In this case, the person will feel weak and quickly get tired, but will think that these are residual effects of the disease, although in fact these are the primary signs of the onset of VSD.

Osteochondrosis

Dystrophy of vertebral cartilage leads to pinched nerve endings and the development of many neuropathic symptoms. When the disorder is localized in the cervical region, the functioning of the cardiovascular system is disrupted, due to the fact that there are nerve nodes responsible for the normal functioning of the heart and blood vessels.

Mechanical injuries

We are talking about cranial and spinal injuries that cause damage to a whole complex of nerve endings responsible for the functioning of internal organs.

Stress

Chronic stress or a single emotional shock can cause a whole range of pathologies, including hormonal ones. Among the causes of VSD development, stress ranks second after hereditary predisposition.

Stress ranks second in popularity among all causes of VSD

In addition to the above reasons for the development of autonomic dysfunction, there are the following provoking factors:

• diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
• allergies;
• occupational diseases (associated with chronic intoxication or constant stress);
• psychosocial reasons (tense atmosphere in the family, conflicts at work);
• bad habits;
• sudden climate change.

Considering that nowadays life in large cities is associated with daily stress, lack of vitamins, lack of sleep and chronic fatigue, it is believed that dystonia is a disease of city dwellers. However, in fact, the development of the disease is not affected by the territorial factor. The reason for the susceptibility of dystonia among urban residents lies in the fact that they live in unfavorable natural and psychosocial conditions.

Vegetative-vascular dystonia (VSD) is a term used to designate a complex of functional disorders associated with dysregulation of vascular tone of the autonomic nervous system. This diagnosis is often entered into the patient’s chart for various neurological disorders of unknown etiology.

In fact, this term hides a wide variety of dysfunctions of internal organs and systems that are not accompanied by organic damage, but arise against the background of somatic or mental disorders. And the diagnosis “vegetative-vascular dystonia” itself is quite controversial, since it is not included in the ICD-10 (international classification of diseases). However, this term, along with the concept of “neurocirculatory dystonia,” is widely used by most physicians.

Vegetative-vascular dystonia: what is it in simple words

To understand what VSD is, you should take a closer look at the principle of operation of the autonomic system. It is part of the central nervous system and consists of two main divisions - sympathetic and parasympathetic.

They regulate the functioning of all organs, are responsible for blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory system functions, feelings of hunger or satiety, hormone production and even the urge to urinate and defecate. At the same time, the sympathetic department ensures the activation of the above processes, and the parasympathetic department ensures their relaxation. To understand how the system works, here is a simple example:

Feeling hungry, a person begins to eat. Once it is in the stomach, the organ’s receptors send a signal to the autonomic system, which in turn sends an impulse to the pancreas, activating the production of digestive enzymes.

After the process of digesting food is completed, the autonomic nervous system (ANS) commands the pancreas to stop producing digestive juices, and then the entire process (from the passage of food through the intestines to the urge to defecate) is also under its control. That is, the ANS regulates all functions of the body automatically, which allows us not to think about how we breathe, move, react to heat, cold and other external influences.

Lost connection

In cases where the functioning of the ANS occurs and the balance of functions between the parasympathetic and sympathetic departments is disrupted, various pathological manifestations are noted at the level of the organ where the imbalance occurred. But at the same time, the organ itself is not damaged or painful; there is only a loss of communication between it and the autonomic nervous system, which is manifested by various clinical symptoms (excessive sweating, chilliness, headaches, heart rhythm disturbances, etc.).

Good to know

Thus, VSD is not an independent disease, but only a complex of pathological manifestations that arise when the functions of various parts of the autonomic nervous system are disrupted.

But if dystonia is not treated, then over time such disorders can actually lead to real diseases, for example, hypertension, coronary heart disease and other pathologies.

In almost 80% of cases, vegetative-vascular dystonia is diagnosed in children aged 7-8 years, which is associated with the stress factor that accompanies the period of adaptation to a new team, when the child goes to school for the first time and gets used to new living conditions and mental stress.

In adolescents, manifestations of VSD are associated with the transition period, hormonal changes in the body and other stress factors. Symptoms of vegetative-vascular dystonia in adult patients are most often provoked by stress factors, the unfavorable realities of modern life, family problems, and uncertainty about the future.

Vegetative-vascular dystonia: causes

All causes contributing to the development of VSD in medicine are usually divided into primary and secondary.

Primary reasons include:

• Intrauterine lesions of the central nervous system of the fetus in the last months of pregnancy, complications during childbirth. This may be caused by smoking or drinking alcohol during pregnancy, taking medications without consulting your doctor, or damage to the hypothalamus during childbirth. Subsequently, the child exhibits inadequate reactions to stress reactions, expressed in emotional imbalance and a tendency to neuroses.
• Hereditary factor. If a woman suffers from manifestations of VSD, then the likelihood of developing a similar symptom in a child increases significantly.
• Environmental influence. The development of VSD is facilitated by conflict situations in the family and at work, severe stress, mental and nervous strain associated with high loads during training or professional activities.

Additionally, doctors identify a number of secondary causes. Among them:

• unfavorable environmental conditions (most often the diagnosis of Vegetative-vascular dystonia accompanies residents of large cities);
• regular stress, physical and emotional stress, leading to sleep disorders (insomnia) and depression;
• chronic diseases of the nervous, digestive, cardiovascular, respiratory system, endocrine, somatic or allergic pathologies;
• vitamin deficiencies caused by unbalanced nutrition;
• fluctuations in hormonal balance associated with the onset of puberty (in women, symptoms of VSD occur against the background of premenstrual syndrome or menopause);
• exposure to bad habits (smoking, alcohol, drug use);
• diseases associated with metabolic disorders in the brain;
• increased meteosensitivity (the body's reaction to weather changes or climate change).

Secondary causes most often provoke various deviations against the background of existing dysfunctions of the autonomic nervous system.

Types of vegetative-vascular dystonia

Since this pathology is not included in the ICD, there is no unified classification of the disease. Doctors highlight only certain criteria when making a diagnosis and take into account the following factors:

• area of ​​localization (systems and internal organs involved in the pathological process);
• type of autonomic disorder;
• etiology (cause) of the disease;
• features of the course and severity of the disease.

1. Vegetative-vascular dystonia of the hypotonic type. In this condition, vascular tone is reduced, symptoms of vascular insufficiency are observed - weakness, low blood pressure, high fatigue, fainting, hypothermia, pale skin.
2. VSD of the hypertensive type. Accompanied by increased blood pressure and excessive vascular tone. The main symptoms are pain in the heart, a feeling of heat, headaches, palpitations, sweating, fluctuations in body temperature. If the manifestations of the disease are not controlled in time, the risk of developing hypertension increases.
3. Vegetative-vascular dystonia of the cardiac type. It manifests itself as pain in the heart of varying severity and changes in heart rhythm. The pain can be sharp, burning, or nagging, blurry. Moreover, during the examination there are no other signs of cardiac pathologies. The severity of symptoms increases during severe shocks, stress, and hormonal changes in the body.
4. Vegetative-vascular dystonia of mixed type. It is characterized by unstable vascular tone, as a result of which the condition is complicated by surges in blood pressure. Therefore, patients may be bothered by symptoms characteristic of hypertensive and hypotonic types of VSD.

In addition, according to the nature of the attacks, there are:

• mild crises - last 10-15 minutes, characterized by pronounced monosymptomatic manifestations;
• crises of moderate severity - pronounced vegetative changes are observed for 15-20 minutes and are accompanied by polysymptomatic manifestations;
• severe crises can last more than an hour, are expressed by severe vegetative polysymptomatic disorders and are accompanied by asthenia (weakness) that persists for several days after the attack.

VSD: symptoms

The signs of vegetative-vascular dystonia are very diverse, so it is often difficult to identify any specific and clearly defined symptom. The most characteristic manifestations of the pathology are conditions accompanied by sudden weakness, headache, dizziness, tinnitus, excessive sweating, and rapid heartbeat.

In severe cases, the course of the pathology is complicated by fainting, obsessive states (anxiety, suspiciousness), unreasonable fears, panic attacks, and emotional instability. Frequent accompaniments of VSD include asthenia, daytime sleepiness, and heart pain, accompanied by cardiac arrhythmias.

In the absence of provoking factors, the disease is asymptomatic. Sudden crises develop under stressful situations, high loads and other unfavorable factors. Attacks of VSD are especially difficult in older people who have a whole “bouquet” of concomitant diseases. As an example, here are two common types of vegetative crises:

1. Vagoinsular crisis- accompanied by pallor of the skin, the appearance of cold sweat, severe weakness, a drop in blood pressure, tremors of the limbs, hypothermia, dyspeptic disorders, and allergic reactions. The patient complains of pain in the heart, attacks of suffocation, a feeling of lack of air, and a severe headache.
2. Sympathoadrenaline crisis- is accompanied by completely opposite manifestations, namely increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, excessive excitability, dry mouth, and frequent urination. Sometimes there is an increase in body temperature along with a feeling of coldness in the extremities.

Signs

Among other common signs of autonomic disorders, experts identify:

• Cardiovascular syndrome is a consequence of cardiovascular disorders and is expressed in changes in heart rhythm (tachycardia, bradycardia), surges in blood pressure, pain in the heart area that is not relieved by taking nitroglycerin.
• Irritable bowel syndrome - manifested by pain and bloating, flatulence, lack of appetite, nausea, vomiting, and stool upset.
• Respiratory syndrome is accompanied by difficulty breathing, a feeling of lack of air, the inability to breathe deeply due to muscle spasm, loss of sensation in the limbs and dizziness.
• Asthenic syndrome is characterized by emotional and physical exhaustion and is manifested by rapid fatigue, weakness, drowsiness, decreased performance and intellectual capabilities. Frequent signs are irritability, short temper, inability to concentrate on the task at hand, absent-mindedness, and bad mood. Often asthenia is accompanied by orthostatic hypotension and associated fainting with a sudden change in body position (transition from a horizontal to a vertical position).
• Neurotic disorders are manifested by increased anxiety, panic attacks and depressive states. Patients with such disorders are characterized by excessive suspiciousness, worry about their health, sleep poorly at night, and panic attacks are caused by fear of death or serious illness.
• Violation of thermoregulation - during an attack, both a decrease in temperature (hypothermia) and an increase (hyperthermia) can be observed. In this case, the increase in temperature is small, does not exceed subfebrile values ​​(37.5°C) and is accompanied by chills.
• Cystalgia or frequent urination during a crisis is in no way associated with pathologies Bladder, which is confirmed by laboratory urine testing.
• when VSD manifests itself, it is expressed by anorgasmia in women and lack of erection in men.

Thus, vegetative-vascular dystonia can manifest itself in a variety of, sometimes completely opposite, symptoms, which largely depends on which organs and systems are affected by the disease. The variety of symptoms can make it difficult to diagnose the disease and choose the right treatment tactics.

Diagnostic methods

Diagnosis of vegetative-vascular dystonia causes certain difficulties, since this condition should be differentiated from other diseases with similar symptoms (heart pathologies, hypertension, bronchial asthma, infectious diseases, mental disorders). Therefore, in addition to a visit to a therapist, consultation with other specialists is necessary - a neurologist, cardiologist, endocrinologist, otolaryngologist, ophthalmologist or psychiatrist. The diagnosis of VSD is made on the basis of a number of laboratory and instrumental studies. Among them:

• pharmacological tests;
• EEG (electroencephalography);
• ECG (electrocardiography);
• ECHOEG (echoencephalography);
• REG (rheoencephalography);
• MRI of the brain.

Symptoms and treatment of vegetative-vascular dystonia are closely interrelated. Therefore, a course of therapy is selected only after a comprehensive examination and clarification of the reasons that provoke such a condition.

How to treat VSD?

Treatment of VSD is a complex and lengthy process, its main areas are:

• drug therapy;
• the use of physiotherapeutic procedures (balneotherapy, electrophoresis, electrosleep, phototherapy, acupuncture, etc.);
• therapeutic massage and physical education;
• adjustment of lifestyle, nutrition, normalization of daily routine;
• rejection of bad habits;
• elimination of stress and other traumatic factors;
• psychotherapist consultations.

The best results can be achieved by combining medicines with other methods of non-drug therapy and elimination of external unfavorable factors (stress, conflicts in the family and at work).

Drug treatment consists of the use of drugs from the following groups:

1. Antidepressants (Amitriptyline, Prozac, Cipramil, Imipramine). They help eliminate increased anxiety, irritability, cope with psycho-emotional stress or apathy, and depressive states. Such remedies help relieve some unpleasant somatic symptoms (pain in the heart, muscles and joints), which cannot be treated with other drugs.
2. Tranquilizers (Diazepam, Relanium, Tranxen, Seduxen) are intended to prevent panic attacks, eliminate unreasonable fears, and increased anxiety.
3. Sedatives. More often they use safe sedatives based on plant extracts (tincture of valerian, hawthorn, motherwort, Novo-Passit, Persen, herbal teas). Such remedies act gently and have a beneficial effect on the nervous system, providing a sedative effect without harm to health.
4. Nootropics(Piracetam, Phenibut, Phenotropil). They improve blood circulation in the brain, eliminate the effects of hypoxia, and increase the body's resistance to stressful situations. Additionally, in order to normalize cerebral and peripheral blood circulation, the drugs Cinnarizine, Cavinton, Trental are used.

For symptoms associated with cardiac dysfunction, adrenergic blockers (Anaprilin, Atenol) are prescribed; to relieve heart pain - Verapamil, or.

For dizziness and headaches associated with intracranial hypertension or high blood pressure, diuretics are used (to remove excess fluid that causes increased blood pressure) and medications that improve cerebral circulation(Cavinton, Vinpocetine).

Folk remedies for VSD

In the treatment of vegetative-vascular dystonia, decoctions and infusions from medicinal herbs. You just need to choose them taking into account the type of VSD. So, for hypotensive type dystonia, the following plants will help:

• ginseng;
• Eleutherococcus;
• Schisandra chinensis;
• radiola pink;
• immortelle;
• juniper;
• nettle;
• dandelion.

These herbs have long been used in folk medicine to maintain vascular tone and eliminate weakness, fatigue and other symptoms characteristic of this type of VSD. Based on them, they make their own infusions or decoctions and take them strictly according to the recipe. Ready-made alcoholic infusions of tonic herbs can be purchased at the pharmacy.

When treating dystonia of the cardiac type, the choice should be made of hawthorn, hops, mint, peony, St. John's wort, valerian or rosemary. Herbs can be brewed and drunk like regular tea, or infused with alcohol and taken in a volume of 25 drops before meals, after dissolving them in a small amount of water.

Prognosis for VSD

Despite the mass of unpleasant symptoms, the prognosis for vegetative-vascular dystonia is positive. With timely treatment, compliance with medical recommendations, giving up bad habits, it is possible to avoid psychosomatic complications, unpleasant consequences from the cardiovascular system, brain and other vital organs.

A correctly selected treatment regimen and compliance with preventive measures in almost 80% of cases can stop further progression of VSD and significantly improve the patient’s quality of life.

None of us are immune from illness. Everyone can get either a minor illness or something more serious, for example, vegetative-vascular dystonia (VSD). Vascular dystonia - what is it? Today you will learn everything about VSD: the causes of its occurrence, methods of treatment for adults and children, preventive measures that will help preserve the nervous system, which in turn has an impact on all organs.

Vegetovascular dystonia

Now we will try to answer the main question: vascular dystonia - what is it? Don’t forget that in this article you will find everything about vegetative-vascular dystonia in adults and children.

VSD (vegetative-vascular dystonia) is a clinical diagnosis that identifies various disorders associated with the functioning of internal organs.

The work of absolutely all internal human organs is controlled by the autonomic, or peripheral, nervous system, consisting of two parts: parasympathetic and sympathetic. Each of them has different effects on vascular tone, organs and blood pressure. For example, the parasympathetic slows down the heart rate, and the sympathetic speeds up.

When everything is normal, both parts of the nervous system are in balance, but factors that provoke VSD can lead to the balance being disturbed, and then in the human body one of the components can suppress the other. The main symptoms of the disease depend on which part of the autonomic nervous system is more active.

Vegetative-vascular dystonia in children and adults

Dystonia most often occurs in adults; it is rare in children. But if the child still has problems with the nervous system, he needs to be treated, which we will talk about a little later

VSD develops due to chronic and acute diseases, overwork or ordinary lack of sleep, due to poor diet and much more. But all this is secondary; the main cause of vascular dystonia is typical stress.

A serious hormonal surge and disruption of the rate of development of the cardiovascular and muscular systems in children occurs due to intensive study (especially before exams). The child may complain of severe headaches, vomiting, dizziness, but nothing can be done. The only option is to help, to somehow support the teenager so that he feels cared for by his family.

It is important to know! Nervous breakdowns in teenagers are very common, so parents need to be sure to monitor their child teenage years so that he does not develop vegetative-vascular dystonia, the treatment of which can take a week or several months.

Speaking about adults, it can be noted that their VSD is rather sluggish. The person feels weak, dizzy, has very strong headaches, and sometimes even loses consciousness. In older age, stress is the reason why a person will definitely develop vegetative-vascular dystonia.

It is important to know that in an adult, VSD increases the risk of stroke by 2-4 times, so be careful and always start treatment without delay.

Causes of VSD

Vascular dystonia has very different symptoms and causes. For example, in adolescents, one of the main reasons is hereditary factors. In adults, the causes of VSD are as follows:

• Exhaustion of the body due to chronic or any other kind of disease/ordinary intoxication.
• Lack of sleep (impaired sleep patterns), early awakening or difficulty falling asleep.
• Depression, chronic fatigue, depressed mood.
• Power mode failure.
• Increased activity: intense physical activity, etc.
• Hormonal changes during puberty, pregnancy or menopause.
• Abrupt change climatic conditions(time zone).

The influence of the above factors leads to the so-called imbalance of the human autonomic nervous system. Because of this, the body begins to intensively produce specific substances, due to which there is a disruption of material metabolism in the heart tissues and blood vessels, which later begin to react poorly even to slight physical activity. A little later we will talk in more detail about the types and methods of treating this disease and find out what signs vascular dystonia has.

Types of VSD

To fully understand the types of vegetative-vascular dystonia, it is necessary to have at least an idea of ​​​​the functioning of the human nervous system.

It was already said above that the nervous system is divided into parasympathetic and sympathetic. Each of them has its own tasks and what it is, in fact, “responsible” for.

The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for a person during the day: it regulates his physical and mental stress, counteracts the occurrence of stress and a sharp increase in contractions of the main organ of our body - the heart.

The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for the restoration of strength and sleep of a person - in other words, rest.

It turns out that the sympathetic nervous system works only during the day, and the parasympathetic system, on the contrary, works at night or during relaxation.

Are you still asking yourself questions related to a disease such as vascular dystonia? What is it, how to fight it, what types are there, what drugs are needed for treatment? We will probably have to remind you again (and there is nothing strange in this) - VSD is a very complex disease.

Experts distinguish three types of vegetative-vascular dystonia:

• hypertensive;
• hypotonic;
• mixed.

If during the day (24 hours) a person spent most of the time actively (the body was “guided” by the sympathetic nervous system), his heartbeat will become faster, fear of something unknown will appear, he will not be able to fall asleep, and fatigue will quickly accumulate in the body. It turns out that the parasympathetic nervous system simply does not perform its functions (there is no restoration of human strength). In such a situation, vegetative-vascular dystonia, drugs for the treatment of which most likely will not be needed, develops according to the very first (hypertensive) type.

If within 24 hours the parasympathetic nervous system predominates, the body is full of energy, but at the same time it does not use it, depression and/or hypotension appears. The development of vegetative-vascular dystonia of the second (hypotonic) type begins.

VSD of a mixed type occurs only if there is a conflict between both NS.

How can vegetative-vascular dystonia be recognized?

Due to such diverse specifics of the disease, the signs cannot be specific, but experts still identified the main symptoms of dystonia:

• increased heart rate, strong fluctuations in the body's blood pressure, unbearable pain in the left side of the chest;
• feeling as if there is not enough air, shortness of breath, severe suffocation, rapid breathing and difficulty breathing;
• the appearance of a gag reflex, nausea, flatulence, heartburn, belching, diarrhea and constipation;
• excessive sweating, chills, increased or decreased temperature, feeling of coldness in the extremities;
• severe dizziness, fainting;
• excessive urination, severe pain in the genital area;
• phobias, anxiety, restlessness, intense physical activity, decreased performance, daily emotional stress, tearfulness, problems with appetite and sleep.

In addition to the above, such a disease can easily cause a change in skin color, which will become pale, or worse, blue. In case of vegetative-vascular dystonia, women may experience slight redness on the face, neck and chest. People with dystonia always become dependent on the weather.

Everyone should understand that vascular dystonia rarely occurs in children, however, if your child is among the patients with VSD, he needs to be treated, otherwise in a few years this disease will smoothly progress into the chronic stage.

Pathogenesis and etiology

It is very important to note that the development of vegetative-vascular dystonia directly depends on pregnancy, childbirth, the state of the central nervous system (central nervous system), etc.

Of course, most diseases are provoked by various psychological situations, which contribute to the maladaptation of our nervous system. Family and school conflicts can easily cause autonomic disorders. Try to protect your child from any kind of stress, because this directly affects his psyche!

Vascular dystonia is more common in adults, but it is much more difficult to cure. Try to be less nervous and get into fruitless arguments, play sports, but in no case overwork yourself - and then everything will be fine!

This disease can easily be inherited from parents to child. Most often, if a mother is sick with vegetative-vascular dystonia, her child is at risk.

Clinical picture

Children with vegetative-vascular dystonia often complain of pain in the head, dizziness, weakness, sweating, etc. Such children are apathetic, fearful, indecisive, they get tired very quickly and sometimes are incredibly sleepy. How does vascular dystonia manifest? Symptoms in children are almost no different from signs of illness in adults who have been sick for a long time.

If a child feels that he does not have enough air to breathe fully, if he cannot take deep breaths, this is the first sign that he has VSD.

Not all doctors recommend it, but many are confident that a folk remedy can help treat a child. Vascular dystonia is one of the most complex diseases of the nervous system, so it is better not to joke with it! Otherwise, everything may not end very well!

Vascular dystonia: treatment

Many people don’t even realize that treatment for vegetative-vascular dystonia (regardless of the stage and form) should be selected individually for each person. It must be long-term and complex. It should be noted that during treatment it is necessary to take into account all the individual characteristics of the body.

Oddly enough, most patients prefer not medicinal, traditional medicines, but completely different ones, for example, using herbs, infusions, compresses. Many people believe that a folk remedy will help. Vascular dystonia is divided into several types, but the path to recovery will be long in any form.

If you start VSD, most likely the treatment will not be quick, you will have to spend money on some medications (unless, of course, you choose a medicinal method of treatment).

Experts recommend planning your day in full, writing a list of what you have to do, and counting the approximate time spent. If you choose a non-drug method of treatment, attend relaxing massages, play sports, but in no case overwork.

As you already understand, vascular dystonia has varied symptoms and treatment. The course is selected individually for each patient depending on the characteristics of the patient’s body.

Doctors often prescribe the following drugs to treat the disease:

• "Novo-Passit";
• "Valocordin";
• "Corvalol";
• "Cinnarizine";
• "Glycine" etc.

Treatment is selected individually, and only a doctor prescribes it!

You can also try to cure VSD using folk remedies. Now we will discuss the most famous folk recipe from dystonia.

Mix 1 half glass of dill seeds with 2 tablespoons of valerian root, pour the mixture with 1 liter of boiling water, and brew using a thermos (for 24 hours). After 24 hours we filter, and after that we can take: 3 times a day on an empty stomach, 1 tablespoon.

Prevention of VSD

Of course, it is extremely undesirable for a child to develop vegetative-vascular dystonia, and if preventive measures are taken, this will not happen. First of all, organize the correct daily routine: the child should eat a balanced diet. It is necessary to teach your son or daughter to engage in physical education and sports from an early age.

If you are parents and it is important for you that your child does not get sick, create a psychologically normal environment at home. Show love, care and kindness, do everything possible to make him feel needed and loved. In addition, do not forget that the child will need to teach himself to behave adequately in stressful situations. A teenager should feel confident in any environment!

Now let's talk about the prevention of VSD in adults.

If you don’t want to be horrified later: “I have vascular dystonia! How to treat and what to do?”, you must also follow some standards in order not to become the “lucky owner” of vegetative-vascular dystonia. The most important thing is to organize correct behavior and lifestyle. If you want to be a healthy person, you need to follow simple rules.

For a healthy life without a disease such as vascular dystonia (the treatment of which can easily take even 3 or more months), you should play sports, go to bed on time, and get up at the same time.

Follow nutritional standards: do not overeat, divide your daily diet into 4-5 small portions. Eat normally - vegetables, boiled lean meat, cereals with water, exclude smoked meats, pickles, semi-finished products and instant foods.

It is important to know that people who have already had VSD identified and treated should undergo preventive courses of massage, gymnastics, and herbal medicine annually.

Summarize

Today everyone has learned that vegetative-vascular dystonia is the most common disease associated with the central nervous system. No one should be left with such a question: vascular dystonia - what is it?

For example, the sympathetic nervous system: is responsible for human behavior and everything that he does during periods of wakefulness. The parasympathetic system is responsible for human rest and sleep. As a result, when both of these systems do not “find a common language,” the patient experiences vegetative-vascular dystonia, the symptoms and treatment of which depend entirely on its type.

Above, you have already read about the types of VSD, familiarized yourself with tips for prevention in children and adults, and much more related to a common disease of the central nervous system. Do not forget that vascular dystonia has various causes, so it is better to visit a specialist first!

Let's hope that today you finally found answers to all your questions related to VSD.

Good luck and all the best!

There is probably not a person among us who has never heard of vegetative-vascular dystonia (VSD). This is no coincidence, because according to statistics it affects up to 80% of the adult population of the planet and about 25% of children. Due to their greater emotionality, women suffer from autonomic dysfunction three times more often than men.

The pathology is usually detected in childhood or young age, with peak symptoms occurring between 20 and 40 years of age.– the most productive and active period, during which the usual rhythm of life is disrupted, professional activity is hampered, and family relationships suffer.

What is it: a disease or features of the functioning of the nervous system? The question of the essence of autonomic dysfunction remained controversial for a long time; experts first defined it as a disease, but as patients were observed, it became clear that VSD is a functional disorder, primarily affecting the psyche and autonomics.

At the same time, functional disorders and subjective painful sensations not only force you to change your lifestyle, but also require timely and qualified help, because over time they can develop into more - coronary heart disease, hypertension, ulcers or diabetes.

Causes of vegetative-vascular dystonia

The autonomic nervous system, including the sympathetic and parasympathetic departments, regulates the function of internal organs, maintaining a constant internal environment, body temperature, pressure, pulse, digestion, etc. The correct reaction of the body to external stimuli, its adaptation to constantly changing environmental conditions, stress and overload.

The autonomic nervous system works independently, autonomously, does not obey our desire and consciousness.Pretty determines such changes as an increase in pressure and pulse, dilation of the pupil, acceleration of metabolic processes, and parasympathetic responsible for hypotension, bradycardia, increased secretion of digestive juices and smooth muscle tone. Almost always, these departments of the autonomic nervous system have an opposite, antagonistic effect, and in different life circumstances the influence of one of them predominates.

When autonomic function is disturbed, a variety of symptoms appear that do not fit into the picture of any of the known diseases of the heart, stomach or lungs. With VSD, organic damage to other organs is usually not found, and the patient’s attempts to find a terrible disease in himself are futile and do not bear the expected fruit.

VSD is closely related to emotional sphere And mental characteristics, therefore, it usually occurs with a variety of manifestations of a psychological nature. It is very difficult to convince a patient that he does not have a pathology of internal organs, but a psychotherapist can provide truly effective help.

Causes of vegetative-vascular dystonia very different and, sometimes, lie in early childhood or even the period of intrauterine development. Among them, the most important are:

• Intrauterine, abnormal birth, childhood infections;
• Stress, neuroses, severe physical overload;
• Traumatic brain injuries and neuroinfections;
• Hormonal changes during pregnancy and adolescence;
• Heredity and constitutional features;
• Presence of chronic pathology of internal organs.

The pathological course of pregnancy and childbirth, infections in early childhood contribute to the manifestation of signs of vegetative-vascular dystonia in children. Such babies are prone to whims, are restless, often burp, suffer from diarrhea or constipation, and are prone to frequent colds.

In adults, among the causes of vegetative-vascular dystonia, stress, strong emotional experiences, and physical overload come to the fore. Illness in childhood, poor physical health and chronic pathology can also become the background for VSD in the future.

In adolescents, vegetative-vascular dystonia is associated with rapid growth, when the autonomic system simply “does not keep up” with physical development, the young body cannot correctly adapt to the increased demands placed on it, symptoms of adaptation disorders appear, both psychological in the team and family, and physical – with palpitations, shortness of breath, etc.

Heredity plays an important role. It is no secret that a person inherits personal characteristics, type of response in stressful situations, character and constitution from his parents. If there are people in the family who suffer from autonomic dysfunction, associated diabetes, hypertension, or peptic ulcer disease, then there is a high probability of pathology in the descendants.

Symptoms of VSD

Symptoms of vegetative-vascular dystonia are extremely diverse and affect the functioning of many organs and systems. For this reason, patients, in search of a diagnosis, undergo all kinds of research and visit all the specialists they know. Usually, by the time a diagnosis is made, particularly active patients have an impressive list of diagnostic procedures completed and are often confident in the presence of a serious pathology, because the symptoms can be so pronounced that there is no doubt about the presence of more terrible diagnoses than VSD.

Depending on the predominance of one or another manifestation, types of vegetative-vascular dystonia are distinguished:

1. Sympathicotonic;
2. Parasympathicotonic;
3. Mixed type of VSD.

The severity of symptoms determines the mild, moderate or severe course of the pathology, and the prevalence of VSD phenomena makes it possible to distinguish generalized forms and local ones, when many systems or just one are affected. The course of VSD can be latent, paroxysmal or constant.

The main signs of VSD are:

• Pain in the heart (cardialgia);
• Arrhythmias;
• Respiratory disorders;
• Autonomic disorders;
• Fluctuations in vascular tone;
• Neurosis-like conditions.

Cardiac syndrome with VSD, occurring in 9 out of 10 patients, consists of a feeling or sinking of the heart, chest pain, interruptions in rhythm. Patients adapt poorly to physical activity and get tired quickly. Cardialgia can be burning, long-lasting or short-term. appears or , . A thorough examination of the heart usually does not show any structural or organic changes.

Vegetative-vascular dystonia proceeding according to the hypertensive type, is manifested by an increase, which, however, does not exceed borderline figures, fluctuating between 130-140/85-90 mm Hg. Art. True hypertensive crises are quite rare. Against the background of pressure fluctuations, headaches, weakness, and palpitations are possible.

Vegetative-vascular dystonia of hypotonic type associated with increased tone of the parasympathetic nervous system. Such patients are prone to apathy, drowsiness, experience weakness and fatigue, faint, among them asthenics and thin subjects predominate, they are pale and often cold. Their systolic blood pressure is usually 100 mmHg. Art.

Body temperature increases for no reason and also decreases spontaneously. Characterized by sweating, “hot flashes” in the form of redness of the face, trembling, chilliness or a feeling of heat. Patients with VSD are weather sensitive and poorly adapt to physical activity and stress.

The psycho-emotional sphere, which always suffers in various forms of autonomic dysfunction, deserves special attention. Patients are apathetic or, conversely, overly active, irritable, and fearful. Panic attacks, phobias, suspiciousness, and depression are common. In severe cases, suicidal tendencies are possible; there is almost always hypochondria with excessive attention to any, even the most insignificant, symptom.

VSD is more often diagnosed in women who are more emotional, more prone to worry about various things, and experience greater stress during pregnancy, childbirth, and subsequent raising of children. Symptoms may worsen during menopause, when significant hormonal changes occur.

The symptoms of VSD are very different, affecting many organs, each of which the patient experiences very acutely. Along with apparent illnesses, the emotional background changes. Irritability, tearfulness, excessive preoccupation with one’s complaints and the search for pathology disrupt social adaptation. The patient stops communicating with friends, relationships with relatives deteriorate, and the lifestyle may become withdrawn. Many patients prefer being at home and solitude, which not only does not improve the condition, but contributes to even greater concentration on complaints and subjective feelings.

For the time being, apart from functional disorders, no other disorders of internal organs occur. But it’s not for nothing that they say that all diseases are caused by nerves. Long-term VSD can sooner or later lead to other diseases - colitis or stomach ulcers. In such cases, in addition to correcting the emotional background, more significant treatment of the developed pathology will be required.

Diagnosis and treatment of VSD

Since there are no clear diagnostic criteria and pathognomonic symptoms of VSD, then Diagnosis usually occurs on the principle of excluding other somatic pathologies.. The variety of symptoms prompts patients to visit various specialists, who do not find any abnormalities in the function of internal organs.

Patients with signs of VSD need consultation with a neurologist, cardiologist, endocrinologist, and in some cases, a psychotherapist. Doctors carefully question the patient about the nature of the complaints, the presence of cases of peptic ulcers, hypertension, diabetes, and neuroses among relatives. It is important to find out how the mother’s pregnancy and childbirth proceeded, and the patient’s early childhood, because the cause of VSD may lie in adverse effects even before birth.

Among the examinations, blood and urine tests, electroencephalography, and functional tests to analyze the activity of the autonomic nervous system are usually performed.

When the diagnosis is beyond doubt and other diseases are excluded, the doctor decides on the need for treatment. Therapy depends on the symptoms, their severity, and the degree of disability of the patient. Until recently, patients with VSD were under the care of neurologists, but today it is considered undeniable that the greatest amount of help can be provided by a psychotherapist, since VSD is primarily a psychogenic problem.

General measures are of primary importance in the treatment of vegetative-vascular dystonia. Of course, most patients expect that they will be prescribed a pill that will immediately relieve all the symptoms of the disease, but this does not happen. To successfully get rid of pathology, you need the work of the patient himself, his desire and desire to normalize his well-being.

General measures for the treatment of VSD include:

1. Healthy lifestyle and proper routine.
2. Diet.
3. Adequate physical activity.
4. Elimination of nervous and physical overload.
5. Physiotherapeutic and water procedures.

A healthy lifestyle is the basis for the proper functioning of all organs and systems. In case of VSD, smoking and alcohol abuse should be excluded. It is necessary to normalize the work and rest regime; if symptoms are severe, a change in the type of work activity may be required. After a hard day at work, you need to rest properly - not lying on the couch, but better by walking in the fresh air.

The diet of patients with VSD should not contain excess salt and liquid (especially in the hypertensive type); it is worth giving up strong coffee, flour, fatty and spicy foods. Seafood, cottage cheese, and tea are recommended for hypotensive patients. Considering that most patients experience difficulties with digestion, suffer from stool and intestinal motility disorders, the diet should be balanced, light, but nutritious - cereals, legumes, lean meat, vegetables and fruits, nuts, dairy products.

Physical activity helps normalize the tone of the autonomic nervous system, therefore, regular exercises, exercise therapy, walking are a good alternative to spending time at home sitting or lying down. All types of water procedures are very useful (baths, contrast showers, dousing with cool water, swimming pool), because water not only helps strengthen muscles, but also relieves stress.

Patients with VSD need to protect themselves as much as possible from emotional and physical overload. TV and computer are strong irritants, so it is better not to abuse them. It will be much more useful to communicate with friends, go to an exhibition or to a park. If you want to work out in the gym, you should exclude all types of strength exercises, weight lifting, and it is better to prefer gymnastics, yoga, and swimming.

Physiotherapeutic procedures help to significantly improve the condition. Acupuncture, massage, magnetic therapy, electrophoresis with magnesium, papaverine, calcium are indicated (depending on the form of the pathology).

Spa treatment indicated for everyone suffering from VSD. In this case, you should not choose a cardiological institution; an ordinary sanatorium or a trip to the sea is enough. A break from usual activities, a change of scenery, new acquaintances and communication allow you to abstract from symptoms, distract yourself and calm down.

Drug treatment determined by the predominant symptoms in a particular patient. The main group of drugs for VSD consists of drugs with a sedative effect:

• Herbal remedies – valerian, motherwort, novo-passit, etc.;
• Antidepressants – cipralex, paroxetine, amitriptyline;
• Tranquilizers - seduxen, elenium, tazepam, grandaxin.

In some cases, vascular drugs (cinnarizine, Actovegin, Cavinton), psychotropics - Grandaxin, Mezapam, Sonapax - are prescribed (piracetam, omnaron). With the hypotonic type of VSD, taking adaptogens and tonic herbal remedies - eleutherococcus, ginseng, pantocrine - helps.

As a rule, treatment begins with “milder” herbal remedies, if there is no effect, mild tranquilizers and antidepressants are added. With severe anxiety, panic attacks, and neurosis-like disorders, medication correction is absolutely indispensable.

Symptomatic therapy is aimed at eliminating symptoms from other organs, primarily the cardiovascular system.

For tachycardia and increased blood pressure, anaprilin and other drugs from the group (atenolol, egilok) are prescribed. Cardialgia is usually relieved by taking sedatives - Seduxen, Corvalol, Valocordin.

Bradycardia less than 50 heart beats per minute requires the use of atropine and belladonna preparations. Cool, tonic baths and showers and physical exercise are helpful.

Treatment with folk remedies can be quite effective, given that many herbs provide that much-needed calming effect. Valerian, motherwort, hawthorn, peony, mint and lemon balm are used. Herbs are sold in pharmacies, prepared in the manner described in the instructions, or simply brew the prepared bags in a glass of water. Herbal medicine can be successfully combined with medication.

It is worth noting that the prescription of the described “cardiac” drugs does not yet indicate the presence of a real cardiac pathology, because in most cases problems with heart rhythm and blood pressure are functional in nature R. Patients who are looking in vain for signs of truly dangerous diseases should know this.

Psychotherapeutic activities deserve special attention. It so happens that a trip to a psychiatrist or psychotherapist is often regarded by both the patient and his relatives as an undoubted sign of mental illness, which is why many patients never reach this specialist. Meanwhile, it is the psychotherapist who is able the best way assess the situation and carry out treatment.

Both individual and group sessions using various methods of influencing the patient’s psyche are useful. With many phobias, unreasonable aggression or apathy, an obsessive desire to find a terrible disease, a psychotherapist helps to find out the true cause of such disorders, which may lie in childhood, family relationships, or long-standing nervous shocks. Having understood the cause of their experiences, many patients find a way to successfully deal with them.

VSD must be treated comprehensively and with the participation of the patient himself, choosing individual regimens and names of medications. The patient, in turn, must understand that the symptoms of ill health on the part of the internal organs are associated with the characteristics of the psyche and lifestyle, so it is worth stopping the search for diseases and start changing your lifestyle.

The question of whether it is worth treating VSD at all, if it is not an independent disease, should not arise. Firstly, this condition worsens the quality of life, reduces performance, and exhausts the patient’s already exhausted nervous system. Secondly, long-term VSD can lead to the development of severe depression, suicidal tendencies, and asthenia. Frequent arrhythmias will eventually cause organic changes in the heart (hypertrophy, cardiosclerosis), and then the problem will become really serious.

With timely and correct correction of VSD symptoms, the prognosis is favorable, well-being improves, the usual rhythm of life, work and social activity are restored. Patients should be under dynamic supervision by a neurologist (psychoneurologist, psychotherapist), and courses of treatment can be taken for preventive purposes, especially in the autumn-spring periods.

Video: vegetative-vascular dystonia, “Tablet” program

Video: vegetative-vascular dystonia in the “Live Healthy” program

Video: psychotherapist about vegetative-vascular dystonia

Vegetative-vascular dystonia is a syndrome that affects various human organs. The effects of this disease extend to the peripheral nerves. When suffering from dystonia, a person is bothered by a large number of symptoms of different nature. This pathology occurs in adulthood in 60 percent of cases. Children and adolescents are less likely to suffer from manifestations of vegetative-vascular dystonia - in 10–15% of cases.

Causes of vegetative-vascular dystonia

The most likely prerequisites for the occurrence of pathology:

1. Heredity. A common cause of the disease. In children, signs of VSD are detected during schooling. The occurrence of disturbances in the functioning of the body at this age is due to the lifestyle of the younger generation, as well as functional changes. School and high intellectual stress increase the instability of the child’s nervous system, which is where disturbances in the functioning of the body arise.
2. Pathology of pregnancy and childbirth. As a result of complications during pregnancy and childbirth, infections at the stage of intrauterine development, the child experiences changes in the development of the nervous system and the whole organism. These reasons include: late toxicosis, intrauterine infectious diseases, quick birth, birth injuries.
3. Hormonal imbalances that occur at different stages age period. These can be teenage failures, when the teenager’s body experiences enormous stress and is completely rebuilt. And there may be changes in a woman’s hormonal background during menopause.
4. Infections. Such diseases weaken the human body. Against the background of chronic diseases, changes occur in the patient’s body, which are the reason for the appearance of symptoms of vegetative-vascular dystonia.
5. Weak physical activity. Office professionals who constantly work at the computer and rarely play sports are more susceptible to all the signs of dystonia.
6. An overly active lifestyle and enormous physical activity. You cannot work to the full deterioration of the body - any physical activity must be dosed within reasonable limits. Loads should be gradual to prepare the body and avoid stress.
7. Stress, depression, apathy, emotional turmoil.

Symptoms of pathology

The most common symptom of the disease is deviation from normal activity. As a rule, discomfort in the heart area appears after overwork. The nature of pain varies from person to person. Some patients experience aching pain, for others the pain is unbearable, squeezing. Fluctuations in blood pressure mean that the patient experiences a sharp rise or a sharp decline. This phenomenon is called a vegetative crisis.

Difficulty breathing and lack of oxygen are acutely felt when the patient is agitated. Due to the fact that the patient has difficulty breathing, he constantly requires fresh air. With oxygen available and relative calm, the symptoms of VSD subside for some time, and dystonia recedes.

Symptoms of VSD:

• Fatigue and weakness are common accompaniments of central nervous system diseases.
• Violations of the body's thermoregulation. When the temperature rises indoors or outdoors, some patients feel extremely unwell. On the other hand, there are cases when a person is constantly cold and wants to dress warmer. All this is explained by a type of vegetative-vascular dystonia.
• Severe headaches and dizziness, even fainting. The main signs of such disorders are morning pain, which continues throughout the day and is difficult to respond to painkillers. Such unpleasant sensations can lead to nausea and dizziness.
• Neurotic disorders. A person is bothered by insomnia and panic attacks. He may have an anxiety disorder and find it difficult to sleep. In some cases, the course of vegetative-vascular dystonia is accompanied by the development of depression. The mood drops, the patient can spend all his time going to the doctors, monitoring his blood pressure and temperature. Research shows that this symptom during the course of the disease is very alarming, since in order for the body to fight the disease it is necessary to feel light and calm. If such disturbances occur in the nervous system, you can visit psychologist Nikita Valerievich Baturin, who will conduct a consultation and help you cope with the restoration of the body’s internal strength.

Types of disease depending on syndromes

Experts distinguish different types of VSD depending on the symptoms that make up a certain type of syndrome.

Cardialgic syndrome

The main symptoms are heart pain. These are pains that occur during physical activity and discomfort that appear during rest. The pain can also be aching and bursting. With this syndrome, both an increase and a decrease in the rhythm of the heart muscle can occur. The patient is worried about night sweats and arrhythmia.

Cardialgia recurs at regular intervals. Her symptoms either subside or worsen. It is this nature of the course of the disease that indicates the presence of complex disorders in the patient, which are called VSD. Symptoms and treatment of vegetative vascular dystonia depend on the type of disease, which is divided depending on heart rate and other parameters.

Tachycardia syndrome

The significant difference is that this condition manifests itself in people in adulthood. The syndrome is characterized by an increase in the number of contractions of the heart muscle up to 90 beats per minute. A person is worried about general signs of fatigue and weakening of the body, high blood pressure.

Bradycardic syndrome

With bradycardia, a decrease in blood pressure occurs. Patients with this syndrome present with pallor, weakness, and loss of strength. Young people suffer from this syndrome. From common features, indicating the development of the disease, an unstable emotional state, constant apathy or irritation are highlighted.

Arrhythmic syndrome

Characterized by arrhythmia, a violation of heart rate. Diagnosis of this syndrome is more complex than the syndromes described above. Common symptoms include disorders of the thyroid gland, development and exacerbation of osteochondrosis.

Diagnosis of VSD

The difficulty of diagnosing this disease lies in the fact that psychosomatic problems become the cause of the symptoms of VSD. Sometimes symptoms appear against the background of exacerbation of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and digestive system. Therefore, for timely treatment it is necessary to undergo diagnosis in time.

Diagnosis of this disease consists of a primary medical history. First of all, the state of the autonomic nervous system is checked. The doctor prescribes electrocardiography and cardiointervalography procedures.

To get a general picture, the doctor prescribes tests and sends the patient for consultations with specialized doctors: an ophthalmologist, a neurologist.

The main method for diagnosing vegetative-vascular dystonia is to exclude diseases similar in symptoms to dystonia.

If a patient has complaints of increased blood pressure or increased heart rate, the patient should be checked for hypertension. Breathing problems may be signs of lower back problems respiratory tract. Obvious psychovegetative symptoms indicate a possible consultation with a psychiatrist to distinguish signs of vegetative-vascular dystonia from other mental disorders.

General measures aimed at treatment and prevention

To give positive results, you need to take medications and make lifestyle changes. Only together can we achieve the desired results. In the fight against the disease, you should adhere to the following rules.

1. Correct work and rest schedule. To avoid the development of symptoms of VSD, you should avoid heavy physical exertion and heavy work outside of school hours. Adequate sleep, rest not only from physical, but also from intellectual work - all this contributes to the normal functioning of the body. Welcome healthy image life: exercise after waking up, regular exercise, only at the amateur level. With this lifestyle, the symptoms of dystonia will gradually fade away, normalizing the functioning of all systems in the body.
2. Diet. The diet for VSD does not have strict restrictions, but the basic recommendations should be followed. It is necessary to exclude the consumption of spicy, fatty foods, and alcohol from your diet. The rest is worth sticking to proper nutrition: eat small portions up to 5 times a day, do not overeat at night, eat large amounts of fresh vegetables, fruits, and herbs.
3. Avoid overwork and stressful situations. Autonomic dysfunction develops due to an imbalance between parts of the nervous system. VSD is very strongly associated with stress, since the latter provoke disruptions in the functioning of the nervous system and the entire body as a whole.

Watch this exercise and use it to relax and relieve tension:

1. Physiotherapeutic procedures, especially hydrotherapy. This method is based on the irritation factor. A contrast shower is an ideal method in which alternating cold and hot water leads to muscle tone throughout the body. Also water procedures that help cope with the symptoms of VSD include a bath and a contrast bath.
2. Treatment of VSD using medical or folk remedies.

Treatment of the disease with drugs

Drugs that can solve the problem of this disease are divided into categories depending on the symptoms. These categories include:

1. Drugs aimed at restoring the activity of the cardiac system.
2. Sedatives that have a calming effect on the body.
3. Medicines that affect the central nervous system.

To restore proper heart function, Asparkam and Panangin are prescribed, which lead to normalization of heart rhythm. Antihypertensive drugs are used to lower blood pressure. Vinpocetine is prescribed to improve microcirculation in nerve cells.

Sedatives help to better cope with feelings and help improve the patient’s emotional state. These drugs include: Corvalol, Novopassit, Hawthorn, Valerian.

Drugs that affect the central nervous system can have different effects. Each drug is prescribed strictly individually. For insomnia, sleeping pills are prescribed; for severe depression, antidepressants are prescribed. Correctly and competently selected drugs from this group help to cope with feelings of anxiety, apathy and restore the patient’s emotional state.

Folk remedies in the fight against VSD

Traditional medicine knows a large number of recipes for the treatment and prevention of symptoms of VSD. How to treat vegetative-vascular dystonia using traditional medicine:

1. Herbal decoction is a mixture of herbs (hawthorn, mint, motherwort, lemon balm), which are mixed and poured with boiling water. One tablespoon herbal collection pour half a liter of boiling water. This decoction should steep for half an hour. Take the medicine three times a day. Treatment must be completed for three weeks, then take a break.
2. A solution of clay and water helps get rid of toxins. To prepare the drink, dissolve one spoon of clay in a glass of warm water. Buy clay only at the pharmacy. Take the solution for one week, gradually reducing the concentration of clay in the water. With the help of the drink you can get rid of sludge from the body.
3. Bath with mustard. To prepare a bath, dilute 5 tablespoons of mustard in warm water. Add the resulting mass to a bath with a water temperature reaching 38–39 degrees. Take a bath for 7 minutes, after which the symptoms of VSD will subside.
4. Collection of berries. To prepare the mixture, mix 20 g of different berries: rose hips, barberries, currants with nettle leaves. Pour boiling water over the resulting mixture in a ratio of 1 to 4. Strain the resulting infusion and consume before meals up to three times a day.
5. Treatment with beets helps to get rid of fatigue and debilitating headaches, and helps to subside the symptoms of dystonia. Cut the root vegetable in half and apply the resulting halves to your temples.
6. Drinking vegetable juices has a beneficial effect not only on restoring the autonomic function of the nervous system, but also improves the health of the body.

Features of treatment in children

Some children know from an early age what vegetative-vascular dystonia is. This disease also occurs in childhood. In the treatment of childhood vegetative-vascular dystonia, two main treatment methods are used: medicinal and non-medicinal. Non-drug treatment includes general recommendations regarding the child’s lifestyle, properly organized work and rest, health improvement and hardening of the body.

Non-drug methods

Treatment of VSD in children without taking medications includes:

• regular adherence to a daily routine: adequate sleep at night (at least eight hours), regular walks in the fresh air up to twice a day, limiting the time spent watching TV;
• massage, carried out up to twice a year;
• hardening;
• active sports;
• phytotherapy.

Important! Medications used for severe vegetative dystonia and only as prescribed by a neuropsychiatrist.

Drug treatment

To improve metabolic processes in nerve cells, nootropics are prescribed, such as: Pantogam, Piracetam. In combination with tablets and syrups, vitamin and mineral complexes are prescribed depending on the age of the child, which fill the body with minerals and trace elements.

In case of pronounced psychosomatic reactions, the neuropsychiatrist prescribes antidepressants and antipsychotics (rexitin, amitriptyline).

Herbal medicine is very popular in the treatment of children. To prepare decoctions, you should use ginseng, eleutherococcus, licorice, and motherwort. Such infusions and decoctions have a calming effect and reduce the symptoms of VSD.

Vegetative-vascular dystonia is characterized by a variety of symptoms. In simple words Vegetative-vascular dystonia is not a disease, but a set of symptoms that characterize malfunctions of the body. The most important thing in treating any disease is not to try to diagnose the disease yourself, but to seek advice from a doctor. An experienced doctor will prescribe the measures necessary to make a diagnosis and give recommendations for proper treatment.
In the absence of any health abnormalities, it is necessary